Abstract: Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics, clinical features and risk factors of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), so as to provide guidance for prevention and clinical diagnosis of HFRS. Methods The investigation data of 876 clinical diagnosis and laboratory confirmed cases of HFRS in Hubei over the past 5 years were collected and retrospective analysis was conducted. The statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS 17.0 software. Results The average age of the cases was (47.67±13.97) years. Most of the patients were male farmers with mild and moderate clinical classification(80.26%). The major clinical manifestations were fever(96.69%), fatigue(92.58%), proteinuria (88.93%), thrombocytopenia(80.59%), leukocytosis(63.70%), etc. Most of the patients had a history of exposure to rat or its excreta. Conclusions The clinical classification of the patients were mainly mild and moderate. There is a certain reference value for the early diagnosis of patients with fever, thrombocytopenia and proteinuria. We should strengthen work in rodent control, focus on health education of key population in the key areas and improve the vaccination rate.