Analysis on antimicrobial resistance of methicillin-resistant and multidrug-resistant staphylococcus aureus from primary school students in Guangzhou City
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摘要: 目的 掌握小学生金黄色葡萄球菌（金葡菌）的携带率，并探究菌株的抗生素耐药性。方法 对广州市部分在校健康小学生进行鼻拭子采样，对分离的金葡菌进行抗生素药敏试验。结果 1 012名小学生中金葡菌的携带率为40.1%，耐甲氧西林金葡菌的携带率为1.2%，多重耐药金葡菌的携带率为4.0%。金葡菌主要对青霉素、红霉素和克林霉素耐药；多重耐药金葡菌的主要耐药谱为同时对红霉素、克林霉素及四环素耐药和同时对红霉素、克林霉素及头孢西丁耐药。多因子降维法结果显示多重耐药金葡菌对头孢西丁、四环素和氯霉素同时耐药的比例是非多重耐药金葡菌的104.39倍。结论 广州市健康小学生金葡菌的携带率较高，呈现出多重耐药状态，为指导社区儿童合理使用抗生素提供数据支持。Abstract: Objective To explore the carry rate and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) among primary school students. Methods Nasal swab samples were collected from healthy primary school students in Guangzhou. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was applied to test S. aureus strains. Results The overall carriage rate of S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and multi-drug-resistant S. aureus (MDRSA) among 1 012 primary school students were 40.1%, 1.2% and 4.0%, respectively. Most S. aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin. The dominant multidrug resistance patterns of MDRSA isolates were resistant to erythromycin-clindamycin-tetracycline and erythromycin-clindamycin-cefoxitin. Multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis showed that the rate of resistance to cefoxitin, tetracycline and chloromycetin among MDRSA was 104.39 times as much as that of non-MDRSA. Conclusions The carriage rate of S. aureus in healthy primary school students from Guangzhou was high and these isolates showed multidrug resistance. These data provide basis for guiding the rational use of antibiotics.
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