Analysis on risk factor of chronic disease-related behaviors among adult residents in Liubei District, Liuzhou City
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摘要:
目的 探讨柳州市柳北区居民吸烟、饮酒、运动和饮食等行为对慢性病发生的影响。 方法 通过多阶段抽样在辖区内抽取2 487名柳北区成年居民进行生活方式与行为危险因素问卷调查。用EpiData 3.1软件建立数据库，SPSS 17.0软件进行数据分析，多因素Logistic回归分析各行为危险因素对慢性病发病情况的影响。 结果 高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease，COPD)以及其他慢性病患病率依次为13.63%、4.22%、3.62%、0.36%和6.84%，总吸烟率为22.92%，饮酒率为5.43%，主动锻炼率为52.87%，每天吃早餐率为93.07%，≥ 60岁组的主动锻炼率和每天吃早餐率最高；多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示年龄大和吸烟是慢性病患病的危险因素，而主动锻炼是慢性病患病的保护性因素。 结论 5年慢病示范区干预措施初有成效，应继续加强行为干预相关的健康宣教，降低慢性病的发生率。 Abstract:Objective To explore the risk factor of chronic disease-related behaviors such as smoking, drinking, exercising and eating habit among residents in Liubei District, Liuzhou City. Methods 2 487 adult residents in Liubei District were sampled by multistage sampling method and surveyed on their way of life and behavior risk factors. The content of questionnaire involved familial population information, past medical history, way of life and eating habit. EpiData 3.1 was applied to install database, SPSS 17.0 was used for data analysis, multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factor of chronic disease-related behaviors. Results The rates of hypertension, diabetes, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were 13.63%, 4.22%, 3.62%, 0.36% and 6.84%, respectively. The rate of smoking, drinking, doing physical exercise and eat breakfast regularly were 22.92%, 5.43%, 52.87% and 93.07%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that older and smoking were risk factors of chronic disease, while physical exercise was protective factor of chronic disease. Conclusions Intervening measure taken in chronic disease demonstration zone were effective in the past 5 years, and health education on behavioral intervention should be carried on continuous to reduce incidence of chronic disease. -
Key words:
- Chronic disease /
- Risk factor /
- Questionnaire survey
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表 1 成年居民主要慢性病年龄别患病率[n(%)]
Table 1. The prevalence of chronic disease among different age groups of adults[n(%)]
年龄组(岁) 调查人数 高血压 糖尿病 脑卒中 COPD 其他慢性病 年龄组(岁) 调查人数 高血压 糖尿病 脑卒中 COPD 其他慢性病 18~ 762 12(1.57) 1(0.13) 0(0.00) 0(0.00) 10(1.31) 40~ 989 159(16.08) 34(3.44) 7(0.71) 0(0.00) 51(5.15) ≥60 736 287(39.13) 70(9.51) 83(11.28) 9(1.24) 109(14.99) 合计 2 487 459(18.42) 105(4.22) 90(3.62) 9(0.36) 170(6.84) χ2值 416.652 84.919 178.823 22.088 118.985 P值 ＜0.001 ＜0.001 ＜0.001 ＜0.001 ＜0.001 
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表 2 成年居民性别、年龄别吸烟情况
Table 2. The prevalence of smoking among different sex and age groups of adults
年龄组(岁) 男性 女性 调查人数(人) 不吸(人) 每天吸(人) 偶尔吸(人) 已戒烟(人) 吸烟率(%) 调查人数(人) 不吸(人) 每天吸(人) 偶尔吸(人) 已戒烟(人) 吸烟率(%) 18~ 394 227 145 22 0 36.80 368 359 5 3 1 1.36 40~ 501 218 241 25 17 48.10 488 479 9 0 0 1.84 ≥60 324 172 103 11 38 31.79 412 405 6 0 1 1.46 合计 1 219 617 489 58 55 40.11 1 243 1 243 20 3 2 1.58
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表 3 成年居民性别、年龄别饮酒情况
Table 3. The prevalence of drinking among different sex and age groups of adults
年龄组(岁) 男性 女性 调查人数(人) 不饮/少饮(人) 偶尔饮(人) 常饮(人) 饮酒率(%) 调查人数(人) 不饮/少饮(人) 偶尔饮(人) 常饮(人) 饮酒率(%) 18~ 394 256 108 30 7.61 368 349 17 2 0.54 40~ 501 297 137 67 13.37 488 469 18 1 0.20 ≥60 324 229 57 38 11.73 412 400 11 1 0.24 合计 1 219 782 302 135 11.07 1 243 1 213 46 4 0.32
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表 4 成年居民性别、年龄别主动锻炼率[n(%)]
Table 4. The prevalence of physical exercise among different sex and age groups of adults[n(%)]
年龄组(岁) 男性 女性 调查人数 主动锻炼人数 调查人数 主动锻炼人数 18~ 394 160(40.61) 368 181(49.18) 40~ 501 233(46.51) 488 260(53.27) ≥60 324 210(64.81) 412 271(65.77) 合计 1 219 603(49.47) 1 243 712(56.15)
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表 5 成年居民性别、年龄别每天吃早餐率[n(%)]
Table 5. The prevalence of eat breakfast regular among different sex and age groups of adults[n(%)]
年龄组(岁) 男性 女性 调查人数 每天吃早餐 调查人数 每天吃早餐 18~ 394 34(88.58) 368 334(90.76) 40~ 501 46(92.02) 488 456(93.44) ≥60 324 31(96.30) 412 402(97.57) 合计 1 219 1 122(92.04) 1 243 1 192(94.01)
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表 6 慢性病患病多因素Logistic回归分析
Table 6. Multifactor Logistic regression analysis of chronic disease
影响因素 β χ2值 P值 OR(95% CI)值 性别 女 -0.012 0.008 0.928 0.988(0.768~1.272) 男 1.000 年龄组 1.689 289.333 ＜0.001 5.412(4.455~6.574) 文化程度 -0.216 1.901 0.168 0.806(0.593~1.095) 吸烟 是 0.394 4.967 0.026 1.483(1.049~2.097) 饮酒 否 1.000 是 0.298 1.338 0.247 1.347(0.813~2.232) 主动锻炼 否 是 -0.535 19.989 ＜0.001 0.585(0.463~0.740) 每天吃早餐 否 1.000 是 0.100 0.142 0.707 1.106(0.655~1.866) 常数 -4.944 74.535 ＜0.001
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