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摘要: 菲利普·皮内尔（Philippe Pinel，1745-1826）是法国著名的医生，杰出的精神卫生领袖。在启蒙运动思想的启发下，他对法国与日俱增的精神病人采取"道德疗法"，率先以人道主义关怀理念科学、有效地缓解了精神疾病现状，解放了精神病人，打开了精神卫生的大门。通过实地观察和缜密的统计分析，他对精神疾病进行了较为全面的科学分类，为识别、治疗和预防精神疾病病人指引了方向，奠定了理论与实践基础。他诸多精神卫生领域的成果一直沿用至今，被后人誉为现代精神医学之父。Abstract: Philippe Pinel (1745-1826) was a well-known French doctor and an outstanding mental health leader. Inspired by the ideas of the Enlightenment, he adopted "moral therapy" for the increasing mental patients in France. He took the lead in scientifically and effectively alleviating the current state of mental illness with the concept of humanitarian care, liberated mental patients, and opened the door for the mental health. Through field observation and meticulous statistical analysis, he classified mental illness into a more comprehensive scientific classification, guiding the direction for identifying, treating, and preventing mental illness, thus laying the theoretical and practical foundation. Many of his achievements about mental health have been used to this day, and he was known as the father of modern psychiatry.
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Key words:
- Philippe Pinel /
- Public health /
- Mental health /
- Historical personage
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[1] Bernard M, Elinor B. Contributions to the history of psychology: Ⅱ. philippe pinel: the man and his time[J]. Psychological Reports, 1966, 19(3): 703-720. DOI: 10.2466/pr0.1966.19.3.703. [2] James CH. Pinel orders the chains removed from the insane at Bicêtre[J]. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 2003, 60(5): 442. DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.60.5.442. [3] 叶冬青. 公共卫生发展简史[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2016.Ye DQ. A brief history of public health development[M]. Beijing: People's medical publishing house, 2016. [4] Haas LF. Philippe Pinel (1745-1826). [J]. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 1993, 56(9): 946. DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.56.9.946. -
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