1982年与2012年中国6~17岁儿童膳食烹调油摄入比较分析

王宏亮; 徐培培; 曹薇; 甘倩; 许娟; 王璐璐; 杨媞媞; 李荔; 潘慧; 胡小琪; 何宇纳; 王玉英; 张倩; 赵文华

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.05.003

1982年与2012年中国6~17岁儿童膳食烹调油摄入比较分析

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.05.003

1.
100050 北京，中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所学生营养室
2.
100050 北京，中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所营养流行病学室
3.
100050 北京，中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所妇幼营养室
4.
100050 北京，中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所

基金项目:

科技基础资源调查专项 2017FY101100

详细信息

通讯作者:
赵文华，E-mail: zhaowh@chinacdc.cn

中图分类号: R153.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 613
- HTML全文浏览量: 257
- PDF下载量: 71
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-03-16
- 修回日期: 2021-04-15
- 网络出版日期: 2021-06-16
- 刊出日期: 2021-05-10

Comparative analysis of dietary cooking oil intake of Chinese children aged 6-17 years in 1982 and 2012

1.
Department of Student Nutrition, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
2.
Department of Nutritional Epidemiology, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
3.
Department of Maternal and Child Nutrition, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
4.
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China

Funds:

National Special Program for Science & Technology Basic Resources Investigation of China 2017FY101100

More Information

Corresponding author: ZHAO Wen-hua, E-mail: zhaowh@chinacdc.cn

摘要

摘要: 目的分析1982年和2012年中国6~17岁儿童(以下简称“学龄儿童”)膳食烹调油摄入状况及变化。方法本研究数据来源于1982年全国营养调查和2010—2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测，研究对象为学龄儿童。两次调查均采用称重记账法调查家庭烹调油总摄入量，根据每个儿童的标准人日数占家庭总标准人日数的比例，计算学龄儿童平均烹调油摄入量。结果 1982年和2012年学龄儿童平均每日烹调油总摄入量分别为7.22 g和31.67 g；1982年学龄儿童平均每日植物油和动物油的摄入量分别为4.87 g和2.35 g，2012年分别为28.10 g和3.57 g。与1982年相比，2012年平均每日烹调油总摄入量增加了24.45 g；1982年有4.31%的学龄儿童烹调油摄入量超过30 g，2012年超过30 g的比例达37.81%。结论 1982—2012年中国学龄儿童平均每日膳食烹调油摄入量呈增加趋势，2012年烹调油摄入水平较高，有近40%的学龄儿童超过30 g。建议“三减三健”行动进一步加强对儿童的关注，并采取综合措施减少儿童烹调油的使用量。
- 儿童 /
- 烹调油 /
- 摄入 /
- 30年变化
Abstract: Objective To analyze the status and changes of dietary cooking oil intake in Chinese children aged 6-17 years (hereinafter called school-age children) in 1982 and 2012. Methods The data were from 1982 National Nutrition Survey and 2010-2012 China National Nutrition and Health Survey. School-age children were included in this study. The intake of cooking oil for household was recorded by the method of weighing and accounting. The average of condiments intake of school-age children was calculated by the proportion of the children's standard eating days in the total family standard eating days. Results The cooking oil intakes of school-age children were 7.22 g/d and 31.67 g/d in 1982 and 2012, respectively. In 1982, the intakes of vegetable oil and animal oil for school-age children were 4.87 g/d and 2.35 g/d, respectively. In 2012, the intakes of vegetable oil and animal oil for school-age children were 28.10 g/d and 3.57 g/d, respectively. In comparison with the data of 1982, the intake of cooking oil increased by 24.45 g/d in 2012. In 1982, 4.31% of school-age children consumed more than 30 g of cooking oil. In 2012, 37.81% of school-age children consumed more than 30 g of cooking oil. Conclusions From 1982 to 2012, the intake of dietary cooking oil of school-age children showed an increasing trend. In 2012, the intake level of cooking oil was high and nearly 40% of school-age children consumed more than 30 g of cooking oil. It is recommended that the action of "reduced salt, reduced oil, reduced sugar, healthy oral cavity, healthy weight, healthy bone" pays more attention to children and comprehensive measures should be taken to reduce the usage amount of cooking oil in children.
- Children /
- Cooking oil /
- Intake /
- Changes in 30 years

HTML全文

表 1 1982年和2012年学龄儿童一般特征[n(%)]

Table 1. General characteristics of school-age children in 1982 and 2012 [n(%)]

分组	1982年	2012年
地区
城市	2 451(13.01)	2 300(40.68)
农村	16 380(86.99)	3 354(59.32)
性别
男	9 560(50.77)	3 007(53.18)
女	9 271(49.23)	2 647(46.82)
年龄组(岁)
6~ < 9	4 057(21.55)	1 698(30.03)
9~ < 12	4 712(25.02)	1 682(29.75)
12~ < 15	5 406(28.71)	1 368(24.20)
15~17	4 656(24.73)	906(16.02)
合计	18 831(100.00)	5 654(100.00)

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 1982年与2012年学龄儿童烹调油摄入量比较(g)

Table 2. Comparison of cooking oil intake of school-age children between 1982 and 2012 (g)

分组	1982年			2012年			2012年与1982年比较
	烹调油	植物油	动物油	烹调油	植物油	动物油	烹调油			植物油			动物油
	x(s_x)	x(s_x)	x(s_x)	x(s_x)	x(s_x)	x(s_x)	差值	Z值	P值	差值	Z值	P值	差值	Z值	P值
地区
城市	11.70(0.71)	9.57(0.63)	2.13(0.29)	33.08(1.51)	31.24(1.39)	1.84(0.74)	21.38	32.106	< 0.001	21.67	33.988	< 0.001	-0.29	-9.332	< 0.001
农村	6.63(0.32)	4.25(0.30)	2.38(0.19)	29.66(1.29)	23.62(1.28)	6.04(1.07)	23.03	56.953	< 0.001	19.37	52.680	< 0.001	3.66	7.130	< 0.001
性别
男	7.49(0.35)	5.08(0.32)	2.41(0.19)	34.41(1.30)	30.71(1.21)	3.7(0.79)	26.92	54.066	< 0.001	25.63	53.524	< 0.001	1.29	-0.952	0.341
女	6.94(0.29)	4.65(0.26)	2.29(0.18)	28.65(1.01)	25.22(1.01)	3.43(0.55)	21.71	48.790	< 0.001	20.57	48.376	< 0.001	1.14	-1.845	0.065
年龄组(岁)
6~＜9	9.15(0.45)^a	6.13(0.43)^a	3.02(0.25)^a	25.14(1.07)^a	22.67(1.07)^a	2.47(0.41)^a	15.99	29.286	< 0.001	16.54	29.938	< 0.001	-0.55	-8.033	< 0.001
9~＜12	7.46(0.34)^b	5.00(0.31)^b	2.45(0.20)^b	28.96(1.18)^b	25.86(1.17)^b	3.11(0.51)^a	21.50	36.024	< 0.001	20.85	34.832	< 0.001	0.65	-1.974	0.048
12~＜15	6.72(0.30)^c	4.58(0.26)^c	2.14(0.18)^c	34.40(1.31)^c	30.79(1.28)^c	3.61(0.71)^a	27.68	40.824	< 0.001	26.21	40.662	< 0.001	1.47	1.198	0.231
15~17	5.80(0.34)^d	3.91(0.29)^d	1.89(0.17)^d	35.59(1.68)^cd	31.08(1.56)^cd	4.51(1.03)^a	29.80	38.661	< 0.001	27.17	38.342	< 0.001	2.63	3.650	< 0.001
合计	7.22(0.30)	4.87(0.28)	2.35(0.17)	31.67(1.04)	28.10(1.00)	3.57(0.63)	24.45	72.865	< 0.001	23.23	72.186	< 0.001	1.22	-1.978	0.048
注：^abcd：多组独立样本Kruskal-Wallis检验组间两两比较，相同字母表示P＞0.05，不同字母表示P＜0.05。

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 1982年与2012年学龄儿童烹调油摄入量分布比较[n(%)]

Table 3. Comparison of the distribution of cooking oil intake of school-age children between 1982 and 2012 [n(%)]

分组	1982年				Z/χ²值	P值	2012年				Z/χ²值	P值	2012年与1982年比较
分组	≤20 g	＞20~≤25 g	＞25~≤30 g	>30 g	Z/χ²值	P值	≤20 g	＞20~≤25 g	＞25~≤30 g	>30 g	Z/χ²值	P值	Z值	P值
地区					22.699						6.781
城市	1 885(76.91)	187(7.63)	130(5.30)	249(10.16)		< 0.001	853(37.09)	233(10.13)	247(10.74)	967(42.04)		< 0.001	29.131	< 0.001
农村	15 028(91.75)	480(2.93)	309(1.89)	563(3.44)			1 549(46.18)	326(9.72)	308(9.18)	1 171(34.91)			66.911	< 0.001
性别					-2.879						-4.023
男	8 525(89.17)	369(3.86)	242(2.53)	424(4.44)		0.004	1 204(40.04)	299(9.94)	307(10.21)	1 197(39.81)		< 0.001	57.749	< 0.001
女	8 388(90.48)	298(3.21)	197(2.12)	388(4.19)			1 198(45.26)	260(9.82)	248(9.37)	941(35.55)			52.745	< 0.001
年龄组(岁)					1.833						123.629
6~ < 9	3 621(89.25)	163(4.02)	111(2.74)	162(3.99)		0.608	846(49.82)	199(11.72)	183(10.78)	470(27.68)		< 0.001	33.325	< 0.001
9~ < 12	4 245(90.09)	160(3.40)	103(2.19)	204(4.33)			731(43.46)	157(9.33)	175(10.40)	619(36.80)			40.324	< 0.001
12~ < 15	4 850(89.72)	207(3.83)	132(2.44)	217(4.01)			486(35.53)	129(9.43)	130(9.50)	623(45.54)			45.247	< 0.001
15~17	4 197(90.14)	137(2.94)	93(2.00)	229(4.92)			339(37.42)	74(8.17)	67(7.40)	426(47.02)			38.383	< 0.001
合计	16 913(89.81)	667(3.54)	439(2.33)	812(4.31)			2 402(42.48)	559(9.89)	555(9.82)	2 138(37.81)			78.296	< 0.001

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(19)

[1]	中国营养学会. 中国居民膳食指南(2016)[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2016: 107-109. Chinese nutrition society. Dietary guidelines for Chinese residents (2016)[M]. Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House, 2016: 107-109.
[2]	Guo CL, Zhang B, Wang HJ, et al. A scan of obesogenic environments and a spatial inference of obesity prevalence in Chinese children and adolescents: based on the Chinese health and nutrition survey 2011 data[J]. Biomed Environ Sci, 2018, 31(10): 729-739. DOI: 10.3967/bes2018.098.
[3]	国家卫生计生委办公厅, 体育总局办公厅, 全国总工会办公厅, 等. 关于印发全民健康生活方式行动方案(2017-2025年)的通知[J]. 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会公报, 2017, (4): 61-64. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WSGB201704012.htm General Office of National Health and Family Planning Commission, General Office of General Administration of Sport, General Office of All-China Federation of Trade Unions, et al. Notice on the issuance of the national healthy lifestyle action plan (2017-2025)[J]. Gazette of the National Health and Family Planning commission of People's Republic of China, 2017, (4): 61-64. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WSGB201704012.htm
[4]	常继乐, 王宇. 中国居民营养与健康状况监测2010—2013年综合报告[M]. 北京: 北京大学医学出版社, 2016: 31. Chang JL, Wang Y. Comprehensive report on the monitoring of nutrition and health status of Chinese residents from 2010 to 2013[M]. Beijing: Peking University Medical Press, 2016: 31.
[5]	中国预防医学中心卫生研究所. 1982年全国营养调查总结[M]. 北京: 中国预防医学中心卫生研究所, 1985: 7-8. Institute of Health, China Preventive Medicine Center. Summary of 1982 national nutrition survey[M]. Beijing: Institute of Health, China Preventive Medicine Center, 1985: 7-8.
[6]	赵丽云, 马冠生, 朴建华, 等. 2010-2012中国居民营养与健康状况监测总体方案[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2016, 50(3): 204-207. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2016.03.002. Zhao LY, Ma GS, Piao JH, et al. Scheme of the 2010-2012 Chinese nutrition and health surveillance[J]. Chin J Prev Med, 2016, 50(3): 204-207. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2016.03.002.
[7]	国务院人口普查办公室, 国家统计局人口统计司. 中国1982年人口普查资料[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 1982: 284-315. Census Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, Demographic Statistics Department of the National Bureau of Statistics. The 1982 population census data of China[M]. Beijing: China Statistics Press, 1982: 284-315.
[8]	国务院人口普查办公室, 国家统计局人口和就业统计司. 中国2010年人口普查资料[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2012. Census Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, Population and Employment Statistics Department of the National Bureau of Statistics. The 2010 population census data of China[M]. Beijing: China Statistics Press, 2012.
[9]	杨慧霞, 王俊平. 1982—2012年中国居民膳食摄入变化[J]. 食品工业, 2020, 41(6): 244-248. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SPGY202006061.htm Yang HX, Wang JP. The changes of dietary intake of Chinese residents from the year of 1998 to 2012[J]. Food Ind, 2020, 41(6): 244-248. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SPGY202006061.htm
[10]	国家统计局. 年度数据: 城镇居民家庭人均购买食用植物油数量[EB/OL]. (2012-01-17)[2021-03-16]. https://data.stats.gov.cn/easyquery.htm?cn=C01. National Bureau of Statistics. Annual data: the per capita amount of edible vegetable oil purchased by urban households[EB/OL]. (2012-01-17)[2021-03-16]. https://data.stats.gov.cn/easyquery.htm?cn=C01.
[11]	苏畅, 张兵, 王惠君, 等. 2015年中国十五省(区、市)18~64岁居民膳食脂肪摄入状况分析[J]. 营养学报, 2019, 41(2): 118-121. DOI: 10.13325/j.cnki.acta.nutr.sin.2019.02.004. Su C, Zhang B, Wang HJ, et al. Analysis of the status of dietary fat intake among Chinese adults aged 18 to 64 years in fifteen provinces in 2015[J]. Acta Nutr Sin, 2019, 41(2): 118-121. DOI: 10.13325/j.cnki.acta.nutr.sin.2019.02.004.
[12]	Posey KA. The role of dietary fat in hypothalamic insulin and leptin resistance and the pathogenesis of obesity[D]. Nashville: Vanderbilt University, 2009.
[13]	Colín-Ramírez E, Castillo-Martínez L, Orea-Tejeda A, et al. Waist circumference and fat intake are associated with high blood pressure in Mexican children aged 8 to 10 years[J]. J Am Diet Assoc, 2009, 109(6): 996-1003. DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2009.03.011.
[14]	Sun SS, Grave GD, Siervogel RM, et al. Systolic blood pressure in childhood predicts hypertension and metabolic syndrome later in life[J]. Pediatrics, 2007, 119(2): 237-246. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2006-2543.
[15]	Liang YJ, Hou DQ, Shan XY, et al. Cardiovascular remodeling relates to elevated childhood blood pressure: Beijing Blood Pressure Cohort Study[J]. Int J Cardiol, 2014, 177(3): 836-839. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.11.013.
[16]	Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G. Comparison of effects of long-term low-fat vs high-fat diets on blood lipid levels in overweight or obese patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. J Acad Nutr Diet, 2013, 113(12): 1640-1661. DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2013.07.010.
[17]	世界卫生组织. 饮食、身体活动与健康全球战略[EB/OL]. (2004-05-22)[2021-03-16]. https://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/strategy/eb11344/strategy_chinese_web.pdf?ua=1. World Health Organization. Global strategy on diet, physical activity and health[EB/OL]. (2004-05-22)[2021-03-16]. https://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/strategy/eb11344/strategy_chinese_web.pdf?ua=1.
[18]	黄秋敏, 贾小芳, 姜红如, 等. 世界部分国家"高糖、高油、高盐"食品征税及效果分析[J]. 营养学报, 2020, 42(3): 215-218. DOI: 10.13325/j.cnki.acta.nutr.sin.2020.03.004. Huang QM, Jia XF, Jiang HR, et al. International food tax related nutrition policies and action measures[J]. Acta Nutr Sin, 2020, 42(3): 215-218. DOI: 10.13325/j.cnki.acta.nutr.sin.2020.03.004.
[19]	卓志鹏, 宋金萍, 袁雪丽, 等. 控油限盐工具对深圳社区慢性病患者膳食干预的影响[J]. 现代预防医学, 2017, 44(9): 1618-1621, 1633. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XDYF201709020.htm Zhuo ZP, Song JP, Yuan XL, et al. Effects of oil and salt control tool on dietary intervention of chronic disease patients in Shenzhen community[J]. Mod Prev Med, 2017, 44(9): 1618-1621, 1633. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XDYF201709020.htm