The effect of migrant workers' electronic-health literacy on their condom negotiation efficacy
DAI Su-hui and ZHANG Ke-chun contributed equally to this article
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摘要:
目的 了解流动产业工人电子健康素养水平及其安全性行为情况，并分析电子健康素养对安全套协商效能的影响，为进一步干预促进流动产业工人的性健康提供依据。 方法 采用横断面调查设计，问卷调查流动产业工人的人口学特征、电子健康素养、安全套协商效能等，并利用多重线性回归分析模型分析影响安全套协商效能的因素。 结果 流动产业工人的电子健康素养得分为(3.01±0.92)分，整体处于中等水平，在性别、学历及收入等维度上呈现出群体差异(均有P < 0.05)。男性(β=-0.136, P < 0.05)、教育水平更高(β=0.210, P < 0.001)、收入更高(β=0.155, P < 0.001)的流动产业工人具有更高的电子健康素养。另外，流动产业工人在安全套协商效能的三个层面，即使用、拒绝和劝服效能上，都存在个体差异。而电子健康素养与安全套使用(β=0.035, P < 0.001)、拒绝(β=0.278, P < 0.001)与劝服效能(β=0.402, P < 0.001)皆呈正相关关系。电子素养越高的流动产业工人，安全套协商效能感越强。 结论 流动工人群体电子健康素养的提升，对于提高流动产业工人的安全套协商效能存在正面效应。在以后性健康行为促进项目中，可以考虑从提高流动工人群体的电子健康素养着手，从而实现更广泛的AIDS防治意义。 Abstract:Objective To understand the level of electronic-health(e-health)literacy and safe sexual behaviors among migrant workers, and to analyze the impact of e-health literacy on condom negotiation efficacy, so as to provide a basis for further interventions to promote the sexual health of migrant workers. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted. The migrant workers' demographic characteristics, e-health literacy and condom negotiation efficacy were measured. In addition, Linear regression models were used to analyze the related factors that affect condom negotiation efficacy. Results The e-health literacy among migrant industrial workers was at the middle level(score=3.01±0.92), but there were significant differences by their gender, age, education, and income(all P < 0.05). Higher-educated (β=0.210, P < 0.001), higher-income (β=0.155, P < 0.001) and male (β=-0.136, P < 0.05) migrant workers had higher e-health literacy. In addition, migrant workers differed in their efficacy of using comdoms (β=0.035, P < 0.001), communicating (β=0.402, P < 0.001), and refusing sex (β=0.278, P < 0.001), which correlated positively with their e-health literacy. The higher the e-health literacy, the stronger the condom negotiation efficacy. Conclusion The improved e-health literacy of migrant workers has a positive effect on migrant workers' ability to negotiate condoms effectively. Improving e-health literacy of migrant workers should be considered for future sexual behavior promotion projects, in order to achieve a broader meaning of AIDS prevention and treatment. -
Key words:
- Migrant workers /
- Industrial workers /
- Health literacy /
- Condom /
- Sexual health
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表 1 调查对象一般人口学特征[n(%)]
Table 1. General demographic characteristics of survey subjects [n(%)]
变量 调查总人数 高危性行为人数 性别 男 1 361(67.3) 114(8.4) 女 662(32.7) 18(2.7) 年龄(岁) 18~ < 31 783(38.7) 45(5.7) 31~ < 41 911(45.0) 76(8.3) 41~ < 51 258(12.8) 7(2.7) ≥51 71(3.5) 4(5.6) 婚姻状况 未婚且没有男/女朋友 620(30.6) 46(7.4) 未婚但是有男/女朋友 183(9.0) 10(5.5) 已婚 1 087(53.7) 61(5.6) 离婚/丧偶 52(2.6) 5(9.6) 其他 81(4.0) 10(12.3) 学历 小学及以下 71(3.5) 6(8.5) 初中 1 120(55.4) 79(7.1) 高中/中专 650(32.1) 34(5.2) 大专及以上 124(6.1) 6(4.8) 缺失 58(2.9) 人均月收入(元) < 3 000 183(9.0) 15(8.2) 3 000~ < 5 000 1 240(61.3) 74(6.0) 5 000~ < 7 000 485(24.0) 30(6.2) ≥7 000 46(2.3) 3(6.5) 缺失 69(3.4) 
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表 2 流动产业工人的电子健康素养得分差异分析(x±s)
Table 2. Analysis on differences of e-health literacy scores among migrant workers (x±s)
统计变量 电子健康素养得分 t/F值 P值 性别 4.412 < 0.001 男 3.08±0.93 女 2.88±0.88 年龄(岁) 3.081 0.028 18~ < 31 3.04±0.87 31~ < 41 3.03±0.95 41~ < 51 2.96±0.93 ≥51 2.67±1.03 学历 28.994 < 0.001 小学及以下 2.74±0.92 初中 2.89±0.96 高中/中专 3.20±0.80 大专及以上 3.39±0.75 人均月收入(元) 16.288 < 0.001 < 3 000 2.68±1.00 3 000~ < 5 000 2.98±0.91 5 000~ < 7 000 3.20±0.86 ≥7 000 3.33±0.97
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表 3 流动产业工人的安全套协商效能得分差异分析(x±s)
Table 3. Analysis on differences of comdom negotiation efficacy scores among migrant workers (x±s)
统计变量 安全套协商效能 安全套使用效能 安全套拒绝效能 安全套劝服效能 平均分 t/F值 P值 平均分 t/F值 P值 平均分 t/F值 P值 平均分 t/F值 P值 性别 1.281 0.2 7.165 < 0.001 -2.546 0.011 -0.818 0.413 男 2.87±1.20 3.09±1.42 2.58±1.29 2.95±1.39 女 2.79±1.39 2.60±1.46 2.77±1.69 3.01±1.62 年龄(岁) 24.374 < 0.001 30.413 < 0.001 12.594 < 0.001 15.719 < 0.001 18~ < 31 3.02±1.21 3.13±1.40 2.82±1.42 3.12±1.39 31~ < 41 2.85±1.24 2.96±1.46 2.61±1.40 2.97±1.46 41~ < 51 2.51±1.37 2.49±1.48 2.34±1.51 2.69±1.63 ≥51 1.96±1.11 1.88±1.15 1.95±1.36 2.04±1.37 学历 39.039 < 0.001 36.958 < 0.001 27.467 < 0.001 24.703 < 0.001 小学及以下 2.26±1.24 2.13±1.37 2.29±1.47 2.35±1.43 初中 2.68±1.27 2.75±1.46 2.47±1.42 2.82±1.50 高中/中专 3.12±1.18 3.26±1.38 2.87±1.40 3.24±1.39 大专及以上 3.55±1.23 3.59±1.27 3.49±1.35 3.58±1.30 人均月收入(元) 16.311 < 0.001 14.165 < 0.001 12.637 < 0.001 14.418 < 0.001 < 3000 2.30±1.25 2.47±1.50 2.08±1.30 2.34±1.43 3 000~ < 5 000 2.85±1.27 2.89±1.44 2.68±1.46 2.99±1.47 5 000~ < 7 000 3.05±1.20 3.23±1.42 2.76±1.37 3.17±1.42 ≥7 000 3.01±1.15 3.29±1.26 2.75±1.47 2.99±1.44
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表 4 流动产业工人电子健康素养与安全套协商效能之间的多重线性回归
Table 4. Linear regression between e-health literacy and condom negotiation efficacy of migrant workers
变量 安全套使用效能 安全套拒绝效能 安全套劝服效能 β值 P值 β值 P值 β值 P值 截距 1.779 < 0.001 0.787 < 0.001 0.980 < 0.001 性别 -0.348 a < 0.001 0.317 a < 0.001 0.204 a 0.003 年龄 -0.244 a < 0.001 -0.170 a < 0.001 -0.176 a < 0.001 学历 0.294 a < 0.001 0.334 a < 0.001 0.272 a < 0.001 人均月收入 0.105 0.039 0.051 0.324 0.088 0.094 电子健康素养 0.035 a < 0.001 0.278 a < 0.001 0.402 a < 0.001 R2=0.145 R2=0.084 R2=0.108 注：a P < 0.05。
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