安徽省奥密克戎变异株感染者流行特征

周明华; 郭倩; 龚磊; 宋丹丹; 吴家兵

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2023.09.014

安徽省奥密克戎变异株感染者流行特征

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2023.09.014

周明华¹,
郭倩¹,
龚磊²,
宋丹丹²,
吴家兵^{1, 2, ,}

1.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系，合肥 230032
2.
安徽省疾病预防控制中心急性传染病防治科，合肥 230601

基金项目:

安徽省新型冠状病毒科研应急攻关项目 2022e07020071

详细信息

通讯作者:
吴家兵，E-mail: wjb0386@126.com

中图分类号: R183.3
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-07
- 修回日期: 2023-01-12
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-12
- 刊出日期: 2023-09-10

Epidemiological characteristics of Omicron variant infection in Anhui Province

1.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
2.
Department of Acute Infectious Diseases, Anhui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei 230601, China

Funds:

Emergency Research Project for COVID-19 in Anhui Province 2022e07020071

More Information

Corresponding author: WU Jiabing, E-mail: wjb0386@126.com

摘要

摘要: 目的分析安徽省COVID-19流行特征，探讨COVID-19流行规律，以期为COVID-19疫情防控提供参考依据。方法收集2022年3月8日―5月31日全省病例的性别、年龄、职业、流行病学史、疫苗接种史、主要临床症状等信息，采用频数和频率、直方图等描述疫情流行特征。采用WPS 2022软件进行数据录入和数据管理，并利用SPSS 23.0软件进行数据分析。结果安徽省累计报告本土病例1 775例，以无症状感染者为主，占97.30%(1 727/1 775)，无死亡。安徽省共16个市均有病例报告，病例现住址涉及69个县区，县区覆盖率为65.71%。1 775例感染者中，最小1月龄，最大88岁，中位年龄38岁；本轮疫情中病例主要通过集中隔离发现(48.79%)；病例疫苗接种率高，以灭活疫苗为主。结论本轮疫情发展迅速，人群普遍易感，无症状感染者占比高，奥密克戎潜伏期更短，传染性更强；接种疫苗人群中无症状感染者的比例高于未接种疫苗人群，可能与疫苗接种率高、对密切接触者实行集中隔离及核酸筛查等措施有关联；同时需要加强宣传，强化人群防控意识，各社区和学校单位需要做好疫情常态化防控，防止疫情再次发生。
- 新型冠状病毒感染 /
- 流行特征 /
- 疫情防控
Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of the COVID-19 in Anhui Province, and to explore the epidemic rule of the COVID-19, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of the epidemic. Methods The information of sex, age, occupation, epidemiological history, vaccination history and main clinical symptoms of the cases in the province from March 8 to May 31, 2022 were collected. The frequency (constituent ratio) and histogram were used to describe the epidemic characteristics. WPS 2022 software was used for data entry and data management. SPSS 23.0 was used for data analysis. Results A total of 1 775 local cases were reported in Anhui Province, of which 97.30% (1 727/1 775) were asymptomatic, and no death occurred. Cases were reported in 16 cities in the province, and the current address of the cases involved 69 counties and districts, with a coverage rate of 65.71%. Among the 1 775 cases, the minimum age was 1 month, the maximum age was 88 years, and the median age was 38 years. In this outbreak, the cases were mainly detected through centralized isolation (48.79%). The vaccination rate was high, mainly inactivated vaccine. Conclusions The epidemic develops rapidly. Population is susceptible. Asymptomatic infection accounts for a high proportion. Omicron latency is shorter, and the infectivity is stronger. The proportion of asymptomatic infections among vaccinated people is higher than that among unvaccinated people, which may be related to measures such as high vaccination rate, centralized isolation and nucleic acid screening for close contacts At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen publicity to increase the awareness of prevention and control among the population. All communities and schools need to do a good job of regular epidemic prevention and control to prevent the outbreak of the epidemic again.
- COVID-19 /
- Epidemiological characteristics /
- Epidemic prevention and control

HTML全文

图 1 安徽省COVID-19者发病流行图

Figure 1. Epidemiological map of COVID-19 patients in Anhui Province

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 安徽省2022年3月7日―5月31日COVID-19人群地区分布

Table 1. Regional distribution of COVID-19 population in Anhui Province from March 7 to May 31, 2022

地区 Area	病例数 Number of cases	占比/% Proportion/%	地区 Area	病例数 Number of cases	占比/% Proportion/%
淮南市 Huainan City	440	24.79	合肥市 Hefei City	43	2.42
六安市 Lu′an City	419	23.61	宣城市 Xuancheng City	20	1.13
阜阳市 Fuyang City	308	17.35	安庆市 Anqing City	20	1.13
芜湖市 Wuhu City	113	6.37	宿州市 Suzhou City	13	0.73
铜陵市 Tongling City	106	5.97	蚌埠市 Bengbu City	11	0.62
亳州市 Bozhou City	93	5.24	淮北市 Huaibei City	4	0.23
黄山市 Huangshan City	68	3.83	池州市 Chizhou City	4	0.23
滁州市 Chuzhou City	65	3.66	合计 Total	1 775	100.00
马鞍山市 Ma′anshan City	48	2.70

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 安徽省不同人群特征无症状感染者和有症状患者分布情况

Table 2. Distribution of asymptomatic infected and symptomatic patients with different population characteristics in Anhui Province

基本特征 Basic characteristics	有症状病例^① Symptomatic case ^①	无症状病例^① Asymptomatic case ^①	χ²值 value	P值 value
性别 Gender			0.25	0.620
男 Male	25(52.08)	837(48.47)
女 Female	23(47.92)	890(51.53)
年龄组/岁 Age group/years			6.25	0.100
0~＜15	13(27.08)	271(15.70)
15~＜45	18(37.50)	779(45.11)
45~＜60	14(29.17)	451(26.11)
≥60	3(6.25)	226(13.09)
职业 Occupation			0.90	0.640
农民/工人 Farmers/Workers	20(41.67)	838(48.52)
学生/儿童 Students/Children	15(31.25)	466(26.98)
其他 Others	13(27.08)	423(24.49)
发现方式 Discovery method			39.56	< 0.001
封控区/管控区筛查 Screening of lockdown/Control areas	5(10.42)	416(24.09)
集中隔离 Centralized isolation	20(41.67)	846(48.99)
全员核酸 Total Nucleic acid test	5(10.42)	228(13.20)
重点人群排查 Key population screening	11(22.92)	201(11.64)
主动检测 Active detection	7(14.58)	36(2.08)
疫苗接种史 Vaccination			30.89	< 0.001
未接种疫苗 Unvaccinated	12(25.00)	101(5.85)
未接种加强针 Not vaccinated with booster vaccine	13(27.08)	811(46.96)
接种≥3剂次 Vaccination ≥3 doses	23(47.92)	815(47.19)
注：①以[人数(占比/%)]表示。 Note: ① [Number of people (proportion/%)].

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