2019–2023年西藏自治区人类囊型棘球蚴病流行特征及影响因素

艾佳佳; 季笑遥; 白玛央金; 郑晶莹; 白杨; 朱畅; 次仁拉姆; 贡桑曲珍

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2025.05.016

2019–2023年西藏自治区人类囊型棘球蚴病流行特征及影响因素

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2025.05.016

艾佳佳^{1, 2, 3},
季笑遥^{1, 2},
白玛央金^{1, 2},
郑晶莹³,
白杨³,
朱畅³,
次仁拉姆^{1, 2},
贡桑曲珍^{1, 2, ,}

1.
西藏自治区疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病防治所，拉萨 850000
2.
国家卫生健康委包虫病防治研究重点实验室，拉萨 850000
3.
吉林大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生系，长春 130021

详细信息

通讯作者:
贡桑曲珍, E-mail: gongsang1212@126.com

中图分类号: R532.32; R181.3
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- 文章访问数: 9
- HTML全文浏览量: 4
- PDF下载量: 1
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-31
- 修回日期: 2025-03-05
- 网络出版日期: 2025-06-28
- 刊出日期: 2025-05-10

Epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of human cystic echinococcosis in Tibet Autonomous Region, 2019-2023

AI Jiajia^{1, 2, 3},
JI Xiaoyao^{1, 2},
BAIMA Yangjin^{1, 2},
ZHENG Jingying³,
BAI Yang³,
ZHU Chang³,
CIREN Lamu^{1, 2},
GONGSANG Quzhen^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Parasitic Diseases Prevention and Control, Lhasa 850000, China
2.
NHC Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Prevention and Control, Lhasa 850000, China
3.
Department of Labor Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China

More Information

Corresponding author: GONGSANG Quzhen, E-mail: gongsang1212@126.com

摘要

摘要: 目的分析2019–2023年西藏自治区人类囊型棘球蚴病(cystic echinococcosis, CE)患病率及其影响因素，为制定更精准的防治策略提供科学依据。方法使用χ²检验和广义相加模型(generalized additive model, GAM)，分析组间差异及各县(区)人类CE患病率及影响因素。结果 2019–2023年西藏自治区共筛查510 063人，检出CE患者2 214人，平均患病率为0.43%。女性(0.52%)、≥60岁年龄组(0.95%)、生活在牧业县(1.09%)以及阿里地区(0.95%)的人群CE患病率高，2019年人类CE患病率(0.29%)低于其他年份。单因素和多因素分析结果均显示，海拔和家犬感染率对人类CE患病率呈非线性关系(均P<0.001)。结论西藏自治区人类CE患病率受海拔、家犬感染率、家畜患病率和犬只数等多种因素影响。建议在未来的防治工作中，应加大对重点人群的防控力度，并采取相应的改进措施以提高防治效果。
- 囊型棘球蚴病 /
- 细粒棘球绦虫 /
- 流行特征
Abstract: Objective To analyze the prevalence of human cystic echinococcosis (CE) and its associated factors in Tibet Autonomous Region from 2019 to 2023, providing a scientific basis for formulating more precise prevention strategies. Methods The data for this study were sourced from the echinococcosis surveillance and control system in Tibet Autonomous Region. χ² test and constructed a generalized additive model (GAM) were used to analyze inter group differences and factors related to human CE prevalence in each county/districts. Results A total of 510 063 individuals were screened in Tibet Autonomous Region from 2019 to 2023, with 2 214 CE cases detected, resulting in an average prevalence of 0.43%. Higher CE prevalence was observed in females (0.52%), ≥60 years age group (0.95%), those living in pastoral counties (1.09%), and residents of the Ali Prefecture (0.95%). The prevalence in 2019 (0.29%) was significantly lower than in other years. Both univariate and multivariate analyses revealed significant nonlinear effects of elevation and domestic dog infection rate on human CE prevalence (all P<0.001). Conclusions The human CE prevalence in Tibet Autonomous Region is influenced by various factors, including elevation, domestic dog infection rates, livestock prevalence and dog population. We propose that, in future prevention and control efforts, there should be targeted enhancements to the prevention and control measures aimed at priority populations and influencing factors, accompanied by the implementation of corresponding improvement measures to enhance the effectiveness of prevention and treatment.
- Cystic echinococcosis /
- Echinococcus granulosus /
- Epidemiological characteristics

HTML全文

图 1 人类囊型棘球蚴病患病率单因素分析

A：海拔；B：家犬感染率；C：家畜患病率；D：犬只数；E：犬管理率；F：犬驱虫率。

Figure 1. Univariate analysis of human cystic echinococcosis prevalence

A: elevation; B: domestic dog infection rate; C: livestock prevalence; D: dog population; E: dog management rate; F: dog deworming rate.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 人类囊型棘球蚴病患病率多因素分析

A：海拔；B：家犬感染率；C：家畜患病率；D：犬只数。

Figure 2. Multivariate analysis of human cystic echinococcosis prevalence

A: elevation; B: domestic dog infection rate; C: livestock prevalence; D: dog population.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 2019–2023年西藏自治区人群囊型棘球蚴病患病情况

Table 1. Prevalence of cystic echinococcosis among the population of Tibet Autonomous Region from 2019 to 2023

变量 Variable	筛查人数 Number of screenings	患病人数 Number of patients	患病率 Prevalence/%	χ²值 value	P值 value
性别Gender				99.17	< 0.001
男Male	240 570	811	0.34
女Female	269 407	1 403	0.52
年龄组/岁Age group/years				649.71	< 0.001
0~＜20	97 794	158	0.16
20~＜40	182 844	589	0.32
40~＜60	163 487	844	0.52
≥60	65 601	623	0.95
年份Year				134.91	< 0.001
2019	165 582	483	0.29
2020	108 180	613	0.57
2021	96 710	434	0.45
2022	52 123	236	0.45
2023	87 468	448	0.51
地区Region				778.11	< 0.001
拉萨市Lhasa	49 922	70	0.14
日喀则市Shigatse	127 997	793	0.62
山南市Shanna	87 665	249	0.28
林芝市Linzhi	43 504	56	0.13
昌都市Changdu	62 851	94	0.15
那曲市Naqu	91 123	506	0.56
阿里地区Ali	47 001	446	0.95
生产类型县Production type county				1 637.76	< 0.001
农业县Farming county	221 567	369	0.17
牧业县Pastoral county	123 316	1 338	1.09
半农半牧县Farming-pastoral county	165 180	507	0.31

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 2019–2023年西藏自治区人类囊型棘球蚴病患病率与相关影响因素分布

Table 2. Distribution of human cystic echinococcosis prevalence and related influencing factors in Tibet Autonomous Region from 2019 to 2023

变量Variable	最小值Min	P₂₅	P₅₀	P₇₅	最大值Max
人类囊型棘球蚴病患病率Human cystic echinococcosis prevalence/%	0	0	0.05	0.38	13.60
海拔Elevation/m	1 100.00	3 590.00	3 865.00	4 290.00	4 920.00
家犬感染率Domestic dog infection rate/%	0	0	0.78	2.00	8.88
家畜患病率Livestock prevalence/%	0	0	0	0	100.00
犬只数/只Dog population/units	49.00	923.50	1 768.50	3 248.00	23 392.00
犬管理率Dog management rate/%	18.97	99.09	100.00	100.00	100.00
犬驱虫率Dog deworming rate/%	0	89.67	100.00	100.00	250.00

下载: 导出CSV

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