Abstract: Family clusters of H5N1 virus infection have been found in many countries around the world since 1997. Subsequently, local areas in China also have reported family clusters of H7N9 virus infection. The current phenomenon of human-to-human transmission is limited and unsustainable. In addition, the specific way and mode of transmission is not clear and there is no evidence that the two viruses can continue to spread among the people. Family clustered cases occur mainly in populations who close to or in contact with poultry. The possible genetic susceptibility and the difference between individual recept expression increases the risk of family members infected with avian influenza virus. With the persistence of human infection with H5N1 and H7N9 avian influenza virus and the occurrence of viral mutations, it does not rule out the possibility of obtaining adaptive mutations to humans. What is the more important, cases who have undetected symptoms in the H7N9 virus may cause uncontrollable interpersonal prevalence. In this paper, the epidemiological characteristics, transmission patterns and communication capacity of the human infection H5N1 and H7N9 virus family clustering cases were elaborated, which were helpful to provide the scientific evidence for prevention and control in avian influenza epidemic.