自我怜悯在抑郁症患者述情障碍与抑郁症状间的中介作用

李倩倩; 董毅; 张逸寅; 汪凯

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.11.013

自我怜悯在抑郁症患者述情障碍与抑郁症状间的中介作用

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.11.013

李倩倩¹,
董毅²,
张逸寅³,
汪凯^4, ,

1.
230022 合肥，安徽医科大学第一附属医院医学心理科
2.
230032合肥，安徽省精神卫生中心
3.
230022 合肥，安徽医科大学第一附属医院肿瘤内科
4.
230022合肥，安徽医科大学第一附属医院神经内科

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 31970979

安徽省自然科学基金 1908085QH333

详细信息

通讯作者:
汪凯，E-mail：Wangkai1964@126.com

中图分类号: R749.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-05-30
- 修回日期: 2020-08-18
- 刊出日期: 2020-11-10

The mediating effect of self-compassion between alexithymia and depressive symptoms in depression patients

1.
Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
2.
Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei 230032, China
3.
Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
4.
Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 31970979

Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province 1908085QH333

More Information

Corresponding author: WANG Kai, E-mail:Wangkai1964@126.com

摘要

摘要: 目的评估抑郁症患者自我怜悯、述情障碍和抑郁症状，探讨自我怜悯在述情障碍和抑郁症状的中介作用。方法采用中文版自我怜悯量表(self-compassion scale, SCS-C)和中文版多伦多述情障碍量表(Toronto alexithymia scale, TAS-20)对117例抑郁症患者和106例健康对照组作评估，同时患者接受中文版贝克抑郁自评量表(Beck depression rating scale, BDI)评估。选用线性回归分析模型对抑郁症患者自我怜悯、述情障碍和抑郁症状以及各维度之间的关系进行分析，使用AOMS 23.0软件进行中介效应检验。结果抑郁症患者组SCS-C总分及三因子分均低于对照组(均有P < 0.05)，患者组TAS-20总分及三因子分均高于对照组(均有P < 0.05)；相关分析显示，患者SCS-C总分及各因子分、TAS-20总分及各因子分和抑郁症状分间均两两相关(均有P < 0.05)；回归分析模型发现：述情障碍及各因子对自我怜悯有负性预测作用；自我怜悯及各因子对抑郁症状有负性预测作用；述情障碍及各因子对抑郁症状有正性预测作用。自我怜悯在述情障碍与抑郁症状间起着部分中介作用。结论抑郁症患者存在自我怜悯损害和述情障碍，述情障碍通过自我怜悯水平的部分中介效应对抑郁症状产生影响。提高抑郁症患者的自我怜悯水平可能是改善抑郁症状的干预措施之一。
- 抑郁症 /
- 自我怜悯 /
- 述情障碍 /
- 抑郁症状
Abstract: Objective To assess the self-compassion, alexithymia and depressive symptoms in patients with depression, and to explore the mediating effects of self-compassion between alexithymia and depressive symptoms. Methods 117 depression patients and 106 healthy subjects were measured using the Chinese version of revised self-compassion scale (SCS-C), the Chinese version of Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS-20). The patients were also assessed with the Chinese version of Beck depression rating scale (BDI), Linear regression analysis model was used to analyze the relationship between self-compassion, alexithymia, depressive symptoms and its dimensions. The mediating effect was tested with AOMS 23.0 software. Results Compared with the healthy controls, depressive patients had significantly lower SCS-C total score and the scores of three factors (all P < 0.05). Patients had significantly higher TAS-20 total score and the scores of three factors Compared to healthy controls (all P < 0.05). Correlation analysis model showed in the patients' group, there were significant correlation between SCS-C total score and three subscale score, the total score of TAS-20 and three subscale score and the score of depression symptoms. Regression analysis model showed that alexithymia and the three factors had negative predictive effect on self-compassion; self-compassion and the three factors had negative predictive effect on depressive symptoms; alexithymia and the three factors had positive predictive effect on depressive symptoms. Part of mediator effect of self-compassion was significant between alexithymia and depressive symptoms level. Conclusions Depression patients have impairments of self-compassion and alexithymia, and self-compassion is a part of mediator by which alexithymia influence depressive symptoms. Improving the depression patient's level of self-compassion may be one of the interventions to improve depressive symptoms in clinical practice.
- Depression /
- Self-compassion /
- Alexithymia /
- Depressive symptoms

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图 1 抑郁症患者述情障碍、自我怜悯和抑郁症状间的中介作用模型

注：SCSC1代表自我友善，SCSC2代表普遍人性，SCSC3代表正念；TAS1代表难以描述自己的情感，TAS2代表难以识别自己的情感，TAS3代表外向性思维；e1-e8代表残差。

Figure 1. The mediating model of depression patients' alexithymia, self-compassion depressive symptom

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表 1 患者组和对照组一般人口统计学特征及临床症状(x±s)

Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the depression patients and control group (x±s)

变量	患者组(117)	对照组(106)	t/χ²值	P值
性别[n(%)]			0.408	0.523
男	34(29.06)	35(33.02)
女	83(70.94)	71(66.98)
年龄(岁)	29.64±7.54	30.29±8.21	-0.139	0.832
受教育年限(年)	14.64±2.41	14.64±2.41	-1.876	0.069
病程(月)	47.24±48.24
用药情况[n(%)]
未用	65(55.56)
曾用	52(44.44)
单一用药	23(44.23)
联合用药	29(55.77)
BDI评分(分)	17.47±7.85

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表 2 患者组和对照SCS-C和TAS-20评分比较(x±s)

Table 2. Comparison of SCS-C and TAS-20 between depression patients and control group (x±s)

变量	患者组(n=117)	对照组(n=106)	t值	P值
SCS-C总分	61.66±13.54	95.10±11.93	-19.48	< 0.001
自我友善	25.50±6.44	36.98±5.26	-14.48	< 0.001
普遍人性	18.86±4.75	28.70±4.33	-16.10	< 0.001
正念	17.29±4.61	29.42±4.37	-20.12	< 0.001
TAS-20总分	65.12±9.06	51.31±9.79	10.94	< 0.001
难以识别自己的情感	3.61±0.71	2.54±0.42	8.27	< 0.001
难以描述自己的情感	3.34±0.65	2.63±0.62	5.93	< 0.001
外向性思维	2.90±0.46	2.54±0.44	10.94	< 0.001

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表 3 抑郁症患者SCS-C、TAS-20和BDI评分间的相关分析

Table 3. Correlation among the scores of SCS-C, TAS-20 and BDI in patients with depression

项目	SCS总分	自我友善	普遍人性	正念	TAS-20总分	难以识别自己的情感	难以描述自己的情感	外向性思维
自我友善	0.870^b
普遍人性	0.873^b	0.619^b
正念	0.823^b	0.522^b	0.669^b
TAS-20总分	-0.575^b	-0.449^b	-0.513^b	-0.534^b
难以识别自己的情感	-0.510^b	-0.378^b	-0.481^b	-0.473^b	0.858^b
难以描述自己的情感	-0.479^b	-0.385^b	-0.443^b	-0.414^b	0.790^b	0.614^b
外向性思维	-0.311^b	-0.259^b	-0.247^b	-0.317^b	0.618^b	0.233^a	0.243^b
BDI评分	-0.673^b	-0.533^b	-0.588^b	-0.626^b	0.641^b	0.519^b	0.499^b	0.444^b
注：^a：P < 0.05；^b：P < 0.01。

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表 4 抑郁症患者述情障碍对自我怜悯的回归分析

Table 4. Regression analysis of depression patients' alexithymia by self-compassion

因变量	预测变量	β值	标准化β值	t值	F值	R²值
回归模型1	常数项	117.652		15.681^c	56.767^c	0.330
SCS-C总分	TAS-20总分	-0.860	-0.575	-7.534^c
回归模型2	常数项	115.905		14.566^c	18.876^c	0.344
SCS-C总分	难以识别自己的情感	-6.188	-0.322	-3.286^b
	难以描述自己的情感	-4.985	-0.239	-2.434^a
	外向性思维	-5.279	-0.178	-2.241^c
注：^a：P < 0.05；^b：P < 0.010；^c：P < 0.001。

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表 5 抑郁症患者自我怜悯对抑郁症状的回归分析

Table 5. Regression analysis of depression patients' self-compassion by depressive symptom

因变量	预测变量	β值	标准化β值	t值	F值	R²值
回归模型1	常数项	41.513		16.452^c
BDI评分	SCS-C总分	-0.390	-0.673	-9.754^c	95.141^c	0.453
回归模型2	常数项	41.523		16.567^c
BDI评分	自我友善	-0.254	-0.208	-2.347^a	33.324^c	0.469
	普遍人性	-0.339	-0.205	-2.011^a
	正念	-0.647	-0.380	-4.049^c
注：^a：P < 0.05；^c：P < 0.001。

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表 6 抑郁症患者述情障碍对抑郁症状的回归分析

Table 6. Regression analysis of depression patients' alexithymia by depressive symptom

因变量	预测变量	β值	标准化β值	t值	F值	R²值
回归模型1	常数项	-18.692		-4.581^c
BDI评分	TAS-20总分	0.555	0.641	8.948^c	80.060^c	0.410
回归模型2	常数项	-19.904		-4.601^c
BDI评分	难以识别自己的情感	3.336	0.229	3.261^c	33.324^c	0.415
	难以描述自己的情感	2.887	0.239	2.594^a
	外向性思维	5.419	0.316	4.235^c
注：^a：P < 0.05；^c：P < 0.001。

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