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南京市老年体检人群空腹血糖轨迹与新发心血管病的关联

陈荃 杜金玲 洪忻

陈荃, 杜金玲, 洪忻. 南京市老年体检人群空腹血糖轨迹与新发心血管病的关联[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2024, 28(3): 277-283. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2024.03.005
引用本文: 陈荃, 杜金玲, 洪忻. 南京市老年体检人群空腹血糖轨迹与新发心血管病的关联[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2024, 28(3): 277-283. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2024.03.005
CHEN Quan, DU Jinling, HONG Xin. Association between fasting blood glucose trajectories and new-onset cardiovascular diseases in the elderly health check-up population in Nanjing[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2024, 28(3): 277-283. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2024.03.005
Citation: CHEN Quan, DU Jinling, HONG Xin. Association between fasting blood glucose trajectories and new-onset cardiovascular diseases in the elderly health check-up population in Nanjing[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2024, 28(3): 277-283. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2024.03.005

南京市老年体检人群空腹血糖轨迹与新发心血管病的关联

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2024.03.005
基金项目: 

江苏省卫生健康委2022年度医学科研项目 M2022028

详细信息
    通讯作者:

    洪忻,E-mail: nj_hongxin@126.com

  • 中图分类号: R181.1

Association between fasting blood glucose trajectories and new-onset cardiovascular diseases in the elderly health check-up population in Nanjing

Funds: 

Jiangsu Provincial Health and Health Commission 2022 Medical Research Projects M2022028

More Information
  • 摘要:   目的  探讨南京市老年人群(≥65岁)空腹血糖(fasting plasma glucose,FPG)轨迹和新发心血管病(cardiovascular disease,CVD)结局事件的关联。  方法  从南京市老年健康体检人群中选取符合纳入标准者作为研究对象,共计7 079人纳入研究队列,采用群组化轨迹模型(group-based trajectory modeling,GBTM)构建2018―2020年FPG指标(FPG取其对数使其服从正态分布)随年份变化的轨迹并分组,随访该人群2021年CVD的发病情况,应用Cox回归模型分析不同轨迹组和新发CVD的关联。  结果  该人群的FPG轨迹最终分为低水平组(5 635,79.6%)、中水平组(1 201,17.0%)和高水平组(243,3.4%)。随访期间共有CVD结局事件70例,其中低水平组、中水平组和高水平组新发病例数分别占该组人数的0.83%、1.42%、2.47%,发病率随着FPG轨迹水平升高而增加(趋势χ2 =8.750, P=0.003),差异有统计学意义(χ2 =9.050, P=0.011)。Cox回归模型分析结果显示,高水平组的CVD发病风险是低水平组的2.96倍(95% CI:1.27~6.92)。  结论  老年人群较高水平的FPG轨迹和较高的CVD发病风险相关,FPG值偏高会增加CVD的发病风险,应及时干预,以实现早期预防CVD的目的。
  • 图  1  研究对象纳入排除的流程图

    Figure  1.  Flowchart for inclusion and exclusion of participants

    图  2  3组FPG轨迹的拟合结果

    Figure  2.  Three groups of FPG trajectory fitting results

    表  1  研究对象的基线资料特征

    Table  1.   Characteristics of baseline information on the participants

    变量Variable 总人群
    Total population
    (n=7 079)
    变量Variable 总人群
    Total population
    (n=7 079)
    年龄/岁Age/years 71.07±4.88 吸烟Smoking 1 795(25.36)
    年龄组/岁Age group/years 饮酒Drinking 1 833(25.89)
      65-79 6 571(92.82) 体育锻炼Physical activity 794(11.22)
      ≥80 508(7.18) BMI/(kg·m-2) 24.71±3.44
    性别Gender WC/cm 82.89±8.78
      男Male 3 314(46.81) SBP/mmHg 144.40±20.03
      女Female 3 765(53.19) DBP/mmHg 80.99±10.65
    婚姻状况Marital status FPG/(mmol·L-1) 5.84±1.39
      已婚Married 5 635(79.60) TC/(mmol·L-1) 5.06±0.97
      未婚,离异或丧偶Divorced, widowed, or not married 1 444(20.40) TG/(mmol·L-1) 1.43±0.99
    文化程度Education LDL-C/(mmol·L-1) 1.54±0.44
      高中以下High school below 7 008(99.00) HDL-C/(mmol·L-1) 2.80±0.75
      高中及以上High school and above 71(1.00)
    注:WC,腰围;SBP,收缩压;DBP,舒张压;TC,总胆固醇;TG,三酰甘油;LDL-C,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇;HDL-C,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇。
    ①以人数(占比/%)或x±s表示。
    Note: WC, waist circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
    ①Number of people (proportion/%) or x±s.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  空腹血糖指标对数值轨迹模型分组依据

    Table  2.   Basis for grouping of fasting blood glucose indicators into numerical trajectory models

    分组数量Number of subgroups BIC 2△(BICij) 分组数量Number of subgroups BIC 2△(BICij)
    1 21 456.37 (基线)(Baseline) 4 26 975.65 828.82
    2 25 659.30 8 405.86 5 27 285.32 619.34
    3 26 561.24 1 803.88 6 27 597.30 623.96
    注:BIC,贝叶斯信息标准;2△(BICij),2个比较模型BIC差值的2倍,近似等于贝叶斯因子对数值。
    Note: BIC, Bayesian information criterion; 2△(BICij), the value is approximately equal to 2 times of the difference of BIC between the 2 compared models, approximately equal to the value of Bayesian factor logarithm.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同轨迹组的相关参数

    Table  3.   Relevant parameters for different trajectory groups

    分组
    Groups
    参数
    Parameters
    估计值
    Estimate
    sx t值value P值value
    低水平组Low-level group 截距Intercept 0.741 0.003 214.445 < 0.001
    线性项Linear -0.017 0.004 -4.268 < 0.001
    二次项Quadratic 0.004 0.001 3.974 < 0.001
    中水平组Middle-level group 截距Intercept 0.871 0.008 103.662 < 0.001
    线性项Linear -0.037 0.009 -4.079 < 0.001
    二次项Quadratic 0.012 0.002 5.167 < 0.001
    高水平组High-level group 截距Intercept 0.892 0.020 44.525 < 0.001
    线性项Linear 0.120 0.025 4.752 < 0.001
    二次项Quadratic -0.029 0.006 -4.584 < 0.001
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  不同空腹血糖轨迹组研究对象的基线资料

    Table  4.   Baseline information of participants among different fasting blood glucose trajectory groups

    变量Variable 空腹血糖轨迹分组
    Fasting blood glucose trajectory groups
    χ2/F值value P
    value
    低水平组
    Low-level group
    中水平组
    Medium-level group
    高水平组
    High-level group
    人数Number of population 5 635(79.60) 1 201(16.97) 243(3.43)
    年龄/岁Age/years 71.11±4.94 70.86±4.65 71.23±4.58 1.408 0.245
    性别Gender 53.798 < 0.001
      女性Female 2 762(49.02) 461(38.38) 91(37.45)
      男性Male 2 873(50.98) 740(61.62) 152(62.55)
    婚姻状况Marital status 9.277 0.010
      已婚Married 4 527(80.34) 920(76.60) 188(77.37)
      未婚,离异或丧偶Divorced, widowed, or not married 1 108(19.66) 281(23.40) 55(22.63)
    文化程度Education 4.329 0.363
      高中以下High school below 5 582(99.06) 1 186(98.75) 240(98.77)
      高中及以上High school and above 53(0.94) 15(1.25) 3(1.23)
    吸烟Smoking 1 533(27.21) 219(18.23) 43(17.70) 51.680 < 0.001
    饮酒Drinking 1 530(27.15) 260(21.65) 47(19.34) 22.058 < 0.001
    体育锻炼Physical activity 593(10.52) 171(14.24) 30(12.35) 14.040 0.001
    BMI/(kg·m-2) 24.41±3.40 25.87±3.31 25.92±3.62 108.152 < 0.001
    WC/cm 82.07±8.68 86.06±8.99 86.47±9.29 123.369 < 0.001
    SBP/mmHg 143.49±20.11 148.05±19.32 146.63±22.20 27.199 < 0.001
    DBP/mmHg 80.71±10.93 81.86±9.98 82.72±10.74 8.969 < 0.001
    FPG/(mmol·L-1) 5.49±8.45 7.18±1.30 9.99±2.99 60.948 < 0.001
    TC/(mmol·L-1) 5.35±10.97 5.65±19.30 5.27±1.07 0.290 0.748
    TG/(mmol·L-1) 1.37±1.24 1.73±1.31 1.98±2.41 58.231 < 0.001
    LDL-C/(mmol·L-1) 2.87±4.99 2.86±0.75 2.94±0.80 0.030 0.970
    HDL-C/(mmol·L-1) 1.66±4.11 1.44±0.42 1.45±0.37 1.997 0.136
    新发CVD病例New cases of CVD 47(0.83) 17(1.42) 6(2.47) 9.050 0.011
    注:WC,腰围;SBP,收缩压;DBP,舒张压;TC,总胆固醇;TG,三酰甘油;LDL-C,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇;HDL-C,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇; CVD, 心血管病。
    ①以人数(占比/%)或x±s表示。
    Note: WC, waist circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; CVD, cardiovascular disease.
    ①Number of people (proportion/%) or x±s.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  不同空腹血糖轨迹组发生心血管病的Cox回归分析

    Table  5.   Cox regression analysis of the occurrence of cardiovascular disease among different fasting blood glucose trajectory groups

    模型Model 类别Category β
    value
    sx Wald χ2
    值value
    HR值value
    (95% CI)
    P
    value
    模型1 Model 1 低水平组Low-level group 1.000
    中水平组Medium-level group 0.529 0.283 3.492 1.697(0.975~2.955) 0.062
    高水平组High-level group 1.085 0.434 6.267 2.960(1.266~6.924) 0.012
    模型2 Model 2 低水平组Low-level group 1.000
    中水平组Medium-level group 0.488 0.284 2.944 1.629(0.933~2.845) 0.086
    高水平组High-level group 1.020 0.434 5.516 2.774(1.184~6.501) 0.019
    模型3 Model 3 低水平组Low-level group 1.000
    中水平组Medium-level group 0.430 0.291 2.178 1.537(0.868~2.722) 0.140
    高水平组High-level group 0.914 0.443 4.262 2.495(1.047~5.945) 0.039
    注:模型1未经调整;模型2在模型1的基础上调整了年龄和性别;模型3在模型2的基础上调整了基线BMI、腰围、收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇指标平均值。
    Note: Model 1 unadjusted; model 2 adjusting for age and gender based on model 1; Model 3 adjusting for baseline mean BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2023-07-04
  • 修回日期:  2023-09-29
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-04-08
  • 刊出日期:  2024-03-10

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