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CN 34-1304/R ISSN 1674-3679

2016 Vol. 20, No. 10

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Study on lifestyle group intervention among people with prehypertension in communities
LI Yang, HU Jie, GUO Hai-jian, QU Chen, ZHANG Xu-jun, LI Xiao-ning
2016, 20(10): 971-974. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.001
Abstract(346) PDF(4)
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Objective To investigate the effect of improving lifestyle on people with prehypertension by group intervention. Methods A community-based randomized controlled trial was conducted among 4 streets. 188 objects in intervention group took part in the intervention activities and 234 objects in control group were not given the regular guidance. Data collected through questionnaire at baseline, 6 months, 12 months and 18 months after intervention were compared through repeated ANOVA measurement. Results All the subjects in the intervention group showed statistical significance (all P<0.05) and alcohol consumption, smoking, oil intake, salt intake, number of thousand step equivalent, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) showed linear trends over time by univariate test of repeated measurement ANOVA. The alcohol consumption decreased 5.94 grams per day after intervention. The oil intake decreased 4.47 grams per day while salt intake decreased 0.56 grams per day. The number of thousand step equivalent increased 10.10 per day, and SBP decreased from (124.54±5.87) mmHg to (122.40±8.32) mmHg. DBP decreased from (79.47±4.86) mmHg to (77.14±6.05) mmHg. Only smoking, body mass index (BMI) and DBP had significant change over time in the control group. Smoking, salt intake, number of thousand step equivalent, BMI and DBP were significantly different (all P<0.05) between control and intervention groups, and the effect of interaction between groups and time span were statistically significant (all P<0.05) on indicators as salt intake, number of thousand step equivalent, BMI and DBP, by multivariate test of repeated measurement ANOVA. Conclusions Group intervention can be used to improve lifestyle of prehypertension people in community and control their blood pressure.
Evaluation of hypertension self-management program in Nanjing community
WANG Chen-chen, HONG Xin, QIN Zhen-zhen, CHEN Xu-peng, ZHOU Hai-rong, WANG Zhi-yong, XU Fei, YU Rong-bin
2016, 20(10): 975-978. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.002
Abstract(405) PDF(2)
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Objective To explore the evaluation of hypertension self-management program in Nanjing community. Methods From April 2014 to June 2014, hypertension patients were recruited through many ways. A total of 50 self-management groups were established. Nanjing hypertension self-management program was based on the blueprint of Shanghai Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP). Baseline and three-month later interviews were conducted respectively. Results A total of 586 patients were recruited and agreed to enter CDSMP. 575 completed the 6-session activities, with the respond rate of 98.1% Compared to baseline, ten of the patients' awareness rate of hypertension-related knowledge, six of self-management behaviors, the scores of quality of life in physical component summary ((49.56±8.15) vs (51.29±7.61), tpaired=6.254, P<0.001) and mental component summary ((49.25±10.84) vs (51.66±9.62), tpaired=5.888, P<0.001) were all higher after three months. Three months later after implementation, the level of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose decreased,the differences were statistically significant (tpaired values were 7.516, 6.382, 2.034, all P<0.05). Conclusions The effect of hypertension self-management in Nanjing population is similar to that found in relevant studies, and the CDSMP could be applied effectively in Nanjing.
Analysis on the prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension among residents in Liaoning Province
LI Ning, YOU Yi, PAN Lei-lei, YANG Xue-liang, WU Zhi-lin, HAO Qing-zhi, LU Chun-ming
2016, 20(10): 979-982. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.003
Abstract(250) PDF(1)
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Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension among residents in Liaoning province. Methods A total of 32 126 subjects aged above 18 in Liaoning Province were selected with multistage sampling. Questionnaire investigation and physical examination including measurement of blood pressure,height and weight,were taken for all of them.Logistic Regression was applied to elucidate influencing factors of prevalence. Results Prehypertension prevalence was 38.21% in Liaoning Province and the standardized rate was 37.07%. The male prehypertension prevalence was higher than female and rural was higher than urban.Data from the multiple factor Logistic analysis showed that the risk factors of prehypertension included urban residents,male, older age,lower education level,higher income, smoking,overweight and obesity, respectively.Conclusions Prehypertension prevalence was found moderate in Liaoning,and it is urgently needed to enforce managements of focus population.
Prevalence of H-type hypertension and its risk factors among residents aged 35 years and older in Minhang District of Shanghai
ZHANG Jin-ling, YAN Yu-jie, LI Lun-qiang, FANG Hong
2016, 20(10): 983-986. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.004
Abstract(287) PDF(3)
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Objective To investigate the prevalence of H-type hypertension and its risk factors among residents aged 35 years and older in Minhang District of Shanghai. Methods A multistage randomized sampling method was used to select the participants. Questionnaires, physical measures and laboratory tests were conducted among all participants. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of H-type hypertension. Results A total of 3 059 valid data were obtained in the study. The prevalence of H-type hypertension was 47.04% in residents aged 35 years and older. Participants with H-type hypertension accounted for 87.95% of all patients with hypertension in Minhang District. Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male gender (OR=1.44, 95% CI:1.21-1.73), the age of 45 years and older (OR=2.05, 95% CI:1.46-2.88), overweight (OR=1.67, 95% CI:1.40-2.00) and fat (OR=2.80, 95% CI:2.13-3.70), hypertension grade 2 and 3 (OR=13.42, 95% CI:8.97-20.06), diabetes (OR=1.66, 95% CI:1.35-2.04), high creatinine (OR=2.84, 95% CI:1.35-5.99), low folic acid (OR=1.46, 95% CI:1.23-1.73) and low vitamin B12 levels (OR=1.22, 95% CI:1.03-1.45) were risk factors of H-type hypertension. Conclusions There was a high prevalence of H-type hypertension in residents of Minhang District. Intervention programs for risk factors should be carried out in community residents to prevent and control H-type hypertension.
Analysis on cognitive and behavioral of hypertension in urban Liuzhou City
WEI Hong-wei, ZHAO Meng-qin, FENG Xian-xiang, YU Dong-yuan, YANG Jin, FAN Yin-guang, LI Ming-qiang
2016, 20(10): 987-990. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.005
Abstract(282) PDF(1)
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Objective To understand disease-related cognition and related behavior of hypertensive patients aged 50 and older in Liuzhou urban, provide the basis and foundation for hypertension group intervention management mode. Methods 1 176 hypertensive patients aged 50 and older from Liunan and Liubei area were investigated with self-designed questionnaire. Data were entered by two people using Epi Data 3.1,statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS 13.0. Results Hypertensive patients did not adequately understand treatment of hypertension and which factors should be considered. 7.3% of patients still smoking, 18.6% of them had salty diet habit and 12.4% had no outdoor exercise in the past year. About half of patients with dizziness, blurred vision or other clinical manifestation. Method of treatment included medicine and non-medicine treatment. However, 57.3% of patients with medicine treatment could not take the medicine following doctor's orders. The rates of disease control was significantly different between age over 65 years old and below 65 (χ2=7.72,P=0.021). Examination in hospital and community follow-up were the most common manner in hypertension management. And most people tend to choose self management and family management. Conclusions In consideration of the problems of understanding of disease, lifestyle, medication situation in hypertensive patients in Liuzhou, effective community intervention should be taken to improve patient's health condition.
The prevalence of hyperuricemia and its influencing factors among the employees in a large state-owned enterprise of western China
SHEN Yang, ZHANG Jing-ru, JIANG Ying, ZENG Qing-qi, WANG Yan-ling
2016, 20(10): 991-994. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.006
Abstract(186) PDF(1)
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Objective To explore the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) and its risk factors among the employees of a state-owned enterprise of western China. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the employees in a large stated-owned enterprise of western China. Questionnaire, physical examination and biochemical index determination were performed. Results 4 180 employees were included in this study. The prevalence (age standardized prevalence) of HUA was 16.6% (13.2%), and 21.5% (21.8%) for male and 4.0% (4.1%) for female, respectively (χ2=187.608,P<0.001). The HUA prevalence was significantly higher among the employees who were smokers (61.3%), doing the night shift (20.0%) and field work (21.5%), working at a high altitude (≥3 500 m,19.7%), with high total cholesterol (TC) (27.3%) and triglyceride (TG) (31.1%), hypertension (21.2%) and overweight/obesity (24.7%) (all P<0.05). The Logistic analysis showed that, after adjusting other factors, gender, age, TC and TG, hypertension, obesity and job type were closely associated with HUA, in which the maximum influence was gender (OR=4.879,95% CI:3.538-6.728). Conclusions The HUA prevalence was higher among the middle-aged male employees in this enterprise. Worksite based intervention program should be conducted.
Prevalence and clinical significance of systemic sclerosis-associated myopathy in 429 patients
WU Chan-yuan, WANG Qian, XU Dong, HOU Yong, ZENG Xiao-feng
2016, 20(10): 995-998,1003. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.007
Abstract(197) PDF(4)
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Objective To explore the prevalence of and clinical manifestation associated with myopathy in Chinese patients with systemic sclerosis(SSc). Methods This study was a cross-sectional study based on European Scleroderma Trials and Research group (EUSTAR) database in Peking Union Medical College Hospital(PUMCH) from February 2009 to December 2015. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were analyzed in groups with and without myopathy. Results Of 429 Chinese SSc patients whose mean age of onset was (39.3±12.6) years old. Overall prevalence of myopathy was 22.6%. The presence of early satiety/vomiting(χ2=16.29, P<0.001), dysphagia (χ2=27.01,P<0.001), edema (χ2=17.74, P<0.001), and urine decreased(χ2=4.59, P=0.032) occurred more frequent in patients with myopathy than those without myopathy. The abnormal rate of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) detected by echocardiography in the myopathy group was higher than that of non-myopathy group (χ2=6.31, P=0.012). The elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (t=1.06, P=0.011) and C reactive protein (t=0.87, P=0.001) were more higher in myopathy group than in non-myopathy group. Conclusions SSc associated myopathy is not uncommon. Compared to non-myopathy patients, SSc patients associated myopathy have a more severe inflammation response, and require more attention on cardiac and renal complications.
Serum levels and clinical significance of soluble ICOSL in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
XIAO Jian-ping, ZHOU Qiang, ZHANG Sen, HE Wen-tao, WANG Xue-rong, PAN Hai-feng, WANG De-guang
2016, 20(10): 999-1003. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.008
Abstract(261) PDF(1)
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Objective To investigate the serum levels of soluble inducible costimulator molecules ligand (ICOSL) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Serum levels of soluble ICOSL (Sicosl) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using plasma samples from 49 SLE patients with or without active lupus and 33 healthy subjects. Results The levels of sICOSL in patients with SLE, lupus nephritis (LN) or active SLE groups were lower than those in healthy controls (P1=0.004; P2=0.008;P3=0.003). However, we did not find any correlations between the concentration of sICOSL and disease activity or clinical indicators (anti-dsDNA titer, C3, C4, ESR, Scr, mTP, BUN) (all P>0.05), and laboratory indexes in positive groups and negative groups did not show difference (all P>0.05). Moreover, the application of corticosteroids or immunosuppressants did not affect the concentration of the sICOSL in SLE patients (t=-0.69, P=0.495). Conclusions Understanding the role of ICOSL in the occurrence and development of SLE may allow us to develop a promising therapeutic strategy for SLE.
A case-control study on relationship between dinner-to-bed time, post-dinner walk and gastric cancer
ZHANG Xi, XU Le, DAI Jia-xi, LIN Ren-qin, TIAN Fang-xi, LIANG Bing, GUO Yi-nan
2016, 20(10): 1004-1007. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.009
Abstract(210) PDF(3)
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Objective To investigate the relationship between dinner-to-bed time, post-dinner walk and gastric cancer (GC). Methods 428 newly diagnosed GC patients and 441 age and gender matched healthy controls were recruited from local residents. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect information including basic demographic characteristics, dinner-to-bed time interval and post-dinner walk etc. Results Shorter dinner-to-bed time was significantly associated with an increased risk of GC(ORadjusted=2.858,95% CI:1.893-4.314). Non post-dinner walk was associated with increased risk of GC as compared with post-dinner walk(OR=2.909, 95% CI:2.037-4.153). The risk of GC individuals with shorter dinner-to-bed time and no post-dinner walk caused higher risk than those with longer dinner-to-bed time and post-dinner walk(OR=6.427, 95% CI:3.964-10.419).The product of dinner-to-bed time and post-dinner walk was (ORadjusted=1.572, 95% CI:1.361-3.769)and the interaction index was 3.273. Conclusions The study suggests that both shorter dinner-to-bed time and no post-dinner walk are strong risk factors of GC, also the interaction of dinner-to-bed time and post-dinner walk significantly increase the risk of GC.
Survey on diet behavior and influencing factors analysis among preschool children aged 4 to 6 years in Bengbu
HAN Hui, TANG Jian-jun, ZHANG Qin
2016, 20(10): 1008-1010,1025. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.010
Abstract(165) PDF(2)
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Objective To study the diet behavior of preschool children analyze family influencing factor and provide evidence for nutritional intervention activities and evaluation. Methods One kindergartens was selected in the west, the central and the east of Bengbu,478 of preschool children were enrolled. The children and their parents were investigated using questionnaire. Logistic analysis was used for influencing factorsanalysis. Results Among these children,42.92% of them were food preference,45.75% of them had choosy food habits,74.73% of them ate snack between meals and 82.35% of them liked dairy drinks. The Logistic regression analysisshowed that mother'seducational level,their suggestion onchildren eating a certain kind of food and their forcing to children eating a certain kind of food were related with children's behaviors of food preference (all P<0.05). Mother's educational level and being only-child or not were related with children's habit of breakfast to eat or not (all P<0.05). Conclusions Food preference, eating a certain kind of food and breakfast to eat or not are the three major behavior problems among preschool children.The nutrition knowledge and the demonstration consciousness should be improved in parents to promote healthy diet habits in children.
An epidemiological investigation on the influencing factors of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in nurseries and kindergartens in Jintan District, Changzhou City
LV Yun-lei, ZHU Feng-cai, YANG Xiao-ping
2016, 20(10): 1011-1013,1072. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.011
Abstract(306) PDF(0)
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Objective To probe into the influencing factors of children hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) and provide scientific proofs to the prevention and control. Methods We selected HFMD cases from the nurseries and kindergartens in the precinct through the year of 2015 and chose healthy subjects with age difference less than one year for 1:1 match as control group based on China information system for disease control and prevention. Regression analyze was performed to analyze the influencing factors. Results Single-factor analysis showed that 12 items were associated with HFMD including the premature infants, the household annual per capita income of last year, the education background of children keeper, house area, whether having any knowledge of HFMD prevention, whether the children have contact with the HFMD patients seven days ago, whether the kids tend to suck the fingers, whether the patients go to the hospital due to other diseases seven days prior to the HFMD, whether the classroom is sterilized, whether the toilet is sterilized, the ventilation condition of classroom, the ventilation condition of children nap room (all P<0.05). Conclusions HFMD patients' isolation, good living surroundings and personal decent hygiene are all significant to prevent and control HFMD spreading.
Analysis on the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of clustered cases of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Wuxi from 2009 to 2014
SHI Ping, QIAN Yan-hua, ZHU Jing-ying, CHEN Shan-hui, GENG Qian, ZHUANG Lu-hong, ZHU Ding, SHI Chao
2016, 20(10): 1014-1017. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.012
Abstract(301) PDF(3)
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Objective To ascertain the epidemiological characteristics of clustered cases of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Wuxi, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Data on clustered cases of HFMD in Wuxi from 2009 to 2014 was collected to conduct descriptive analysis. Results From January 2009 to December 2014, 1 035 HFMD outbreaks affecting 4 959 individuals which accounting for 6.2% of all cases of HFMD were reported in Wuxi, in which 12 were classified as public health emergencies. The annual incidence peak of HFMD occurred during April to June, and sub-peak occurred in November. The majority of outbreaks (48.7%) and cases (48.0%) were concentrated in rural-urban continuum. Up to 77.6% of outbreaks occurred in kindergartens. The occurrence frequency in different districts of kindergartens showed statistical difference (χ2=128.21,P<0.001). A total of 220 outbreaks (21.3%) were reported within one day. The attack rate of which ranged from 0.02% to 100.00% (median: 1.6%), and the durations ranged from one to 46 days (median: 4 days). Correlation analysis indicated that non-timely reporting was positively related with the duration and cases number of the outbreak significantly (all P<0.001), with r value of 0. 627 and 0.219 respectively. Of all cases, 2 389 samples were tested, the positive rate was 42.2% (1 008/2 389). The tests indicated intestinal virus EV71 (45.3%) and CoxA16 (40.1%) were the two dominated types in positive samples. Conclusions Kindergartens of rural-urban continuum are areas with a prevalence of clustered cases of HFMD. Clustered cases of HFMD can be effectively controlled by enhancing surveillance in these kindergartens.
A case-control study of effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine in children in 2013-2014
HE Qing, XU Jian-xiong, WANG Ming, SHEN Ji-chuan, ZHANG Chun-huan, FU Chuan-xi
2016, 20(10): 1018-1021. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.013
Abstract(189) PDF(5)
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Objective To estimate the effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine in 2013-2014. Methods A category matching case-control study was conducted among children aged 6 to 59 months. The laboratory confirmed influenza cases were randomly selected from surveillance sites in Guangzhou during the study period. The healthy controls were randomly selected from children aged 6 to 59 months in the children's expanded programmed immunization administrative computerized system. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was analyzed by unconditional Logistic regression. Results 2 690 subjects were collected in our study. We found that the VE for vaccination in 2013-2014 for children aged 6 to 59 months was 42.3%(95% CI:27.8%-53.8%). Full vaccination provided more protection than partial vaccination. Conclusions This post-licensing study of VE found moderate protection against influenza for vaccinated children aged 6 to 59 months. Annual and full vaccination should be encouraged in children.
Investigation on related knowledge, attitude and behavior of dengue fever and influential factors among undergraduates in Guangzhou City
PANG Min-hui, WANG Hai-qing, RAO Jia-ming, YANG Jian-wei, YE Yun-feng, WANG Sheng-yong, DONG Xiao-mei
2016, 20(10): 1022-1025. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.014
Abstract(218) PDF(1)
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Objective To investigate dengue fever related knowledge, related attitude and behavior in university students in Guangzhou, and to provide scientific evidence for the university in order to efficiently control the spread of dengue fever and carry out prevention work. Methods A total of 1 564 students selected by random cluster sampling were surveyed with questionnaire. Results In the first two months before the investigation, 1.4 % students were diagnosed with dengue fever. About 48.5% students were afraid of being infected. The average score of knowledge was (72.7±16.4), different majors and areas also had statistical significance. The total protective behavior rate of the students was 69.3%. About 85.0% students could drain water and clean up dormitory timely. The dengue fever knowledge was obtained mainly through internet(67.6%). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the gender, major, grade, area, knowledge and attitude were the influencing factors of dengue prevention behavior. Conclusions The dengue infection rate of surveyed students was high. Except having positive attitude, knowledge and behavior of prevention are still need to strengthen and improve. Colleges should enhance education and relevant prevention measures to avoid the dengue fever be reignited.
Risk factors of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Anhui Province: A case-control study
YU Shu-feng, MEI Xiao-dong, KAN Xiao-hong, FANG Xue-hui, BAO Xun-di
2016, 20(10): 1026-1028. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.015
Abstract(277) PDF(1)
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Objective To investigate the risk factors of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Anhui Province. Methods 83 patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis and 98 cured patients with non drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis were collected and analyzed with case-control study. Results Rural residence, junior high school education level and below, less family month income, migrant work, smoking, experience of adverse reactions of anti-tuberculosis drugs, history of repeated tuberculosis treatment, history of discontinuation or temporary interruption of anti-tuberculosis therapy, lung X ray image with multiple lesions or cavities when tuberculosis was diagnosed, and once first treatment failure were risk factors of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (all P<0.05); equipped with tuberculosis knowledge or related medication taking principle popularization and sleeping time >7 hours were protective factors (all P<0.05). Conclusions The risk factors of multidrug-resistance tuberculosis in Anhui Province are various. Adequate tuberculosis education and sufficient sleep might be beneficial to the disease.
Risk factors analysis and preventive measures for patients with severe hepatitis and lung infection
CHEN Ren, LIAO Jin-yao, CHEN Wen-li, HUANG Jing, MA Xiao-jun, LUO Xiao-dan
2016, 20(10): 1029-1031,1035. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.016
Abstract(327) PDF(1)
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Objective To investigate the predisposing factors and preventive measures of the patients with severe hepatitis and pulmonary infection, and to provide a reference basis for clinical treatment. Methods A total of 482 cases with severe hepatitis were selected from January 2014 to January 2016 in our hospital. Single factor and multiple factors Logistic regression model analyses were used to analyze associated risk factors of pulmonary infection in patients with fulminant hepatitis, and SPSS 18.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results Of the 482 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis, 98 cases were with pulmonary infection, and the infection rate was 20.33%; Clinical features such as fever, cough, sputum, lung sounds and chest X-ray, CT changes and elevated blood neutrophils were the most common,the mortality rate was 21.43%. 72 pulmonary infection patients were with a single pathogen infection, while 26 cases were with a mixed infection. 53 (47.32%) strains were of gram positive bacteria, 51 (45.54%) strains were of gram-negative bacteria, eight (7.14%) strains were of fungi. Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that age, length of hospital stay, severity, diabetes mellitus, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, invasive operation, use of antimicrobial agents and the concentration of serum albumin were independent risk factors for pulmonary infection. Conclusions There are many factors associated with pulmonary infection in patients with fulminant hepatitis. Therefore, in the process of treatment, it is necessary for targeted prevention and treatment, in order to improve the survival rate of patients with severe hepatitis.
Epidemiological investigation on hepatic hydatid disease in Banma County of Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province
REN Li, ZHANG Ling-qiang, ZHOU Feng-sheng, FAN Hai-ning, DENG Yong, WANG Hai-jiu, MA Jie, WANG Zhan, LUOSANG Da-wa
2016, 20(10): 1032-1035. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.017
Abstract(344) PDF(2)
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Objective To provide references for the prevention and treatment for hepatic hydatid disease by making an epidemiological investigation in Banma county of Guoluo Tibetan autonomous prefecture of Qinghai Province. Methods From July to August in 2014, the local residents with age over 4 year in 2-3 natural villages of five towns in Banma county of Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture were required to finish the questionnaire and B ultrasound detection. The data was analyzed by software SPSS 18.0. Results One thousand eight hundred and one participants were surveyed, and two hundred and seventeen participants were diagnosed as hydatid diseases by B ultrasound detection (12.05%). The case of HCE and HAE was 47 and 170, respectively, and there was statistical difference (χ2=74.12,P<0.001). The case of hydatid diseases in the males and females were 61 and 156, respectively, and there was statistical difference (χ2=15.00, P<0.001). The prevalence in herdsman was the highest(19.91%) compared with other occupations (χ2=71.73, P<0.001). There were statistical significance in different regions for the detection rate of HAE and HCE (all P<0.05). Conclusions Banma county of Qinghai Province is the serious epidemic areas for hepatic hydatid disease, especially in Daka township. Additionally, the female, herdsman and 50-59 year is the high risk population for this disease.
Study on the characteristics of patients with Creutzfeld-Jakob disease in Shaanxi Province，2006-2010
WANG Li, DONG Jian-hua, SHI Wei, LI Shen, WEI Jing, ZHENG Yuan, WANG Jing-jun, YU Peng-bo
2016, 20(10): 1036-1038,1052. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.018
Abstract(397) PDF(1)
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Objective To describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in Shaanxi Province. Methods Clinical and epidemical data on 42 suspected CJD patients from clinical hospitals in Shaanxi from 2006 to 2010 was analyzed. 42 blood samples, 41 cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) specimens and 1 brain tissue from these patients were collected. Western blot assay was used to detect PrPSc in brain tissue and 14-3-3 protein in CSF. PCR and sequencing were used for analyzing the polymorphism of 129 amino acids and mutation of PRNP gene. Results A total number of 18 probable and three possible sporadic CJD patients, two familial CJD cases were identified. No geographic- or occupational-related events were observed among these cases. The mean age of onset was 55.9 years old, the fender ratio was 1.25:1. Rapid progressive dementia was the main symptom, presenting in 34.78 percent of the CJD patients. Conclusions This report indicates that the main type of CJD in Shaanxi Province is sporadic CJD with its distinctive characteristics including geography distribution, occupation, gender ratio and the average of onset. Follow-up visits to probable and possible CJD patients may contribute to a proper diagnosis.
Carriage rate and antibiotic resistance of multidrug-resistant S. aureus isolates among residents in Guangdong Province
YU Hai-feng, WANG Xiao-lin, FAN Yan-ping, YAO Zhen-jiang, CHEN Si-dong, YE Xiao-hua
2016, 20(10): 1039-1042. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.019
Abstract(257) PDF(0)
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Objective To investigate the carriage rate and antibiotic resistance of multidrug-resistant S. aureus among animal-related workers and general population in Guangdong Province. Methods We surveyed the study population by face-to-face questionnaire and nasal swab sampling. All S. aureus isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility test, and the data were analyzed by chi-squared test. Results The carriage rates of S. aureus, multidrug-resistant S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were higher in animal-related workers than in controls (13.3% vs 9.3%; 9.5% vs 3.4%; 7.0% vs 1.4%; all P<0.01). The rates of S. aureus isolates showed high levels of resistance to penicillin, clindamycin, tetracycline and erythromycin, and the dominant multidrug resistance pattern of multidrug-resistant S. aureus isolates were mainly resistant to clindamycin, erythromycin and tetracycline. S. aureus strains isolated from animal-related workers showed higher levels of resistances to antibiotics, except for penicillin, than those from general population. The antibiotic-resistant rate was higher in MRSA isolates than in methicillin-sensitive S. aureus isolates. Conclusions This study suggests that occupational animal contact may lead to the infection of drug resistant bacteria.
Research and analysis on cervical cancer screening of China and foreign countries under the health perspective during the past 25 years
CHIN Mei-ting, ZHANG Shuang, FAN Yi-jun
2016, 20(10): 1043-1046. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.020
Abstract(335) PDF(7)
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Objective To clarify the research status of cervical cancer screening under the health perspective of China and foreign countries, in order to provide a scientific basis for going deeper. Methods A bibliometric analysis was conducted based on the papers from 1990 to 2014 in the CNKI core journals database and the Web of ScienceTM core collection database on the theme of cervical cancer screening under the health perspective. The annual literature distribution, author, direction, contribution were analyzed, which help to draw the outline of research scheme of China and foreign countries. Results Research developed in recent years, and the uptrend of China was stable. Lacking productive authors, unbalanced regional distribution, and obvious differences of institution distribution were found. Besides knowledge-attitude-behavior studies, China focused on results and techniques, while foreign countries focused on influencing factors and promotion. Most papers contributed to medical journals, but foreign countries presented a trend to cross with other subjects. Conclusions Both domestic and foreign research enter the stage of growth, and China has to improve in the area of depth and breadth, interdisciplinary and extensive attention.
Safety of oral iron supplements for iron deficiency anemia in children: a network meta-analysis
KUANG Man-hua, XIONG Wen-jing, XIE Xin-xin, LIU Ye, LIU Yang, RANG Wei-qing
2016, 20(10): 1047-1052. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.021
Abstract(368) PDF(8)
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Objective To compare and evaluate the safety of eight kinds of oral iron supplements that treat children with iron deficiency anemia(IDA) by using Network Meta-analysis. Methods We searched and collected domestic and foreign literatures on oral iron supplement for iron deficiency anemia children in CNKI, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Science Direct Database from the inception to July 2015. Statistical analysis was performed by Microsoft Excel 2013 software, we used the NetMetaXL macros in it to load the WinBUGS 1.4.3 software to conduct the calculate by random effects Bayesian models. The odds ratios (ORs) and mean ranking and the probability among eight kinds of oral irons were estimated. Results We identified 31 eligible studies which involved 3 417 children with IDA. In network analyses, there was higher risk that ferrous sulfate(OR=0.00, 95% CI:0.00-0.03), sodium iron chlorophyll (OR=0.03, 95% CI:0.00-0.39), ferrous succinate (OR=0.02, 95% CI:0.00-0.23), ferrous gluconate(OR=0.01, 95% CI: 0.00-0.07), multidimensional iron compounds(OR=0.01 95% CI:0.00-0.11), iron polymaltose complex(OR=0.02, 95% CI:0.00-0.19) and ferrous fumarate (OR=0.01, 95% CI:0.00-0.12) prevented side-effects when compared to iron dextran. Although iron dextran was ranked the regiment with the least favorable adverse event profile among eight kinds of oral irons (SUCRA=0.999 4), ferrous sulfate was the highest risk (SUCRA=0.034 1). Conclusions Our results suggest that consumers and clinicians might be more cautious when using ferrous sulfate to treat children with IDA, because of its highest risk among other oral iron supplements.
Associations between workplace violence and intent to leave among nurses in emergency department: the mediating role of burnout
BAO Man-zhen, WU Dan, WANG Miao, TAO Li, ZHANG Miao, WANG Na-na, TANG You-ling
2016, 20(10): 1053-1056. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.022
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Objective To examine the mediating role of burnout in the relation between workplace violence and intent to leave using a sample of nurses in emergency departments. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 199 randomly selected nurses in emergency departments from eight first-rate of level three hospitals in Anhui province. Descriptive statistics, Spearman rank correlation analysis, and structural equation model were used to examine the mediating role of burnout in the relation between workplace violence and intent to leave. Results Among nurses in emergency department, workplace violence had a positive correlation with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and intent to leave (all P<0.05). The burnout (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization) also had a positive correlation with intent to leave (all P<0.05). Path analyses demonstrated that emotional exhaustion (t=6.21, 95% CI:0.021-0.059) and depersonalization (t=5.39, 95% CI:0.019-0.056) mediated the relationship between workplace violence and intent to leave. Conclusions Both workplace violence and burnout are related to intent to leave among nurses in emergency department. Furthermore, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization mediate the relationship between workplace violence and intent to leave.
Effects of vinyl chloride monomer on cell cycle and expression of mir-21 and mir-192 in liver of rat
LIANG Jie, HU Jun-yang, GAO Yi, TIAN Feng-jie, LV Yi, QIU Yu-lan
2016, 20(10): 1057-1060. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.023
Abstract(204) PDF(0)
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Objective To explore the sub-chronic toxicity effects of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) on cell cycle and the expression of cell cycle related microRNA 21(mir-21)and microRNA 192 (mir-192) of rat liver. Methods Thirty-two healthy sprague dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three VCM exposure groups (5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg and 125 mg/kg) and a control group (25 mg/kg clean air). The rats were exposed by intraperitoneal injection three times a week (every other day) for three months. The flow cytometry was used to measure the percent of each phase(G0/G1, S, and G2/M). The mir-21 and mir-192 was extracted and then quantified using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Results The percentage of each phase of cell cycle was not significantly different among four groups (all P>0.05). The proportion of S-phase cells in 125 mg/kg group was higher than the control group(t=-4.363,P=0.024). Besides, the expressions of mir-21 varied significantly among four groups (H=16.064, P=0.001) and, furthermore, decreased significantly in both 25 mg/kg and 125 mg/kg group when they were compared with control and 5 mg/kg group (all P<0.05). Meanwhile, the expressions of mir-192 also varied significantly (H=15.939, P=0.001), and decreased significantly in both 25 mg/kg and 125 mg/kg group, compared with control and 5 mg/kg group (all P<0.05). Conclusions VCM sub-chronic exposure induced the increase of S-phase cells and decrease of the expression of mir-21 and mir-192.
Damage effect of a single, mild, transient scrotal heat stress on mouse tests
MU Ke-han, CAO Bo-yang, JI Yang, WU Yi-peng, WEI Xia, LIU Hong-mao, JI Yan-li, XU De-xiang
2016, 20(10): 1061-1064,1068. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.024
Abstract(261) PDF(1)
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Objective To evaluate the stress response in mouse testes following a single mild transient scrotal heat exposure (43 degrees C for 15 min). Methods Twenty-four male mice were randomly divided into four groups with six mice per group. Mice in scrotal hyperthermia group were subjected to a single heat stress of 43℃(treated) for 15 min and killed at 0.5 h, 2 h, and 6 h after heat exposure. The control mice were immersed in a water bath maintained at 22℃ and killed at 6 h after heat exposure. Histopathological analyses of testes were performed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Testicular germ cell apoptosis was determined by terminal dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL). The expression of testicular caspase-3 protein was measured using western blot. Results As expected, scrotal hyperthermia markedly increased the inside diameter of seminiferous tubules and disturbed the array of spermatogenic cells. Meanwhile, Scrotal hyperthermia clearly induced cytoplasmic vacuolization, pyknosis of nuclei and multinucleate spermatogenic cells in seminiferous tubules in heat-treated mice, especially at 6 h after heating. Paralleled with testicular lesion, acute scrotal hyperthermia significantly increased testicular germ cell apoptosis comparing with control group. In addition, scrotal hyperthermia obviously upregulated the expression level of active caspase-3 in testes. Conclusions A single, acute scrotal hyperthermia significantly induce testicular histological impairment and germ cell apoptosis.
The temporal-spatial evolution characteristics of air pollution and the strategies of air pollution prevention in different regions of Hefei, China
ZHANG Tian-yu, XUE Hua-qin, ZHU Ruo-ping, LIU Gui-jian
2016, 20(10): 1065-1068. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.025
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Objective To analyze the air pollution situation in different areas of Hefei, China from 2012 to 2014, so as to provide suggestions of air pollution prevention for the city planning and the residents traveling. Methods This study described the temporal-spatial distribution characteristics of air quality index (AQI) in different regions of Hefei from 2012 to 2014, and analyzed the present situation and the possible causes of air pollution.The primary data for AQI were collected from the web database of Hefei's Environmental Protection Agency. And the results were analyzed with the software SPSS 16.0. Results From 2012 to 2014, the average of AQI appeared to decline after a growth. During this period, the degree of air pollution at Sanli Street, Changjiang Middle Road, Luyang district, Yaohai district and Baohe district were all higher than the average level of the whole city in Hefei. And the air pollution was heavier in winter than any other seasons in Hefei. Conclusions Air pollution in Hefei is related to both regional and seasonal changes.
A comparison of the health quarantine system in China and the United State in the prevention and control of Ebola hemorrhagic fever
XIE Can, BI Yu-guo, TAN Xu-liang, ZHU Zhao-yin, TIAN Miao
2016, 20(10): 1069-1072. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.026
Abstract(185) PDF(2)
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In this paper, we compared different responses to the Ebola outbreak by the health quarantine system of China and the United States. We further analyzed the differences of ports screening for Ebola, designated port entry, aid for epidemic countries and isolation treatment for return infection cases in these two countries. Also, this paper put forward constructive views for China to do better in health quarantine. And three principles of international contagious disease prevention and control have been proposed: actively supporting the epidemic countries, strengthening the quarantine in transport and port and steadily enhancing the level of domestic public health.
An analysis of the reporting quality of hepatitis C cases in Anhui Province
DAI Se-ying, CHENG Xiao-li, WU Jian-jun
2016, 20(10): 1073-1075. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.027
Abstract(213) PDF(6)
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Survey and control of a carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii outbreak in an intensive care unit
LI Lian-hong, HU Hui-min, ZHOU Li-ying, ZHOU Xiao-ling, RAO You-hua, WANG Dong-mei
2016, 20(10): 1076-1078. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.10.028
Abstract(234) PDF(1)
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