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CN 34-1304/R ISSN 1674-3679

2018 Vol. 22, No. 2

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Study on biogeochemical diseases, ancient and new field
GAO Yan-hui, SUN Dian-jun
2018, 22(2): 107-108,121. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.001
Abstract(308) PDF(61)
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Our country has obvious advantages in the prevention and control of endemic diseases, especially has been in the international advanced level in medical geology and pathogenesis researches on endemic diseases, main environment-related endemic diseases have been in continuous control and even elimination. However, related diseases were still likely to fluctuate in some special geological areas, and it need to be further studied about the degree of injury on atypical target organs and intervention measures. This study summarizes the researches status and prevention and control situation of biogeochemical endemic diseases in China, and puts forward key research contents and directions for the next stage.
The relationship between high sensitivity C-reactive protein and the risk of upper gastrointestinal cancer among smokers in Kailuan cohort
WANG Gang, LV Zhang-yan, FENG Xiao-shuang, CAO Li-ying, WEI Luo-pei, CHEN Yu-heng, SU Kai, LI Fang, LI Ni, REN Jian-song, SHI Ju-fang, YANG Wen-jing, LI Jiang, CHEN Hong-da, DAI Min, WU Shou-ling, HE Jie
2018, 22(2): 109-112. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.002
Abstract(317) PDF(36)
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Objective To investigate whether elevated level of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) at baseline is associated with an increased risk of upper gastrointestinal cancer among smokers in Kailuan cohort. Methods Levels of hsCRP were tested and demographic information and risk factor data were collected at baseline for all subjects (2006-2007). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the association between baseline levels of hsCRP and upper gastrointestinal cancer. Results A total of 38 549 smokers from the Chinese Kailuan cohort were enrolled in the study in July 2006. Median follow-up time was 8.1 years. A total of 123 new upper gastrointestinal cancer cases were diagnosed and were divided into three groups according to the level of hsCRP (<1 mg/L,1-3 mg/L and >3 mg/L). The eight years cumulative incidence of upper gastrointestinal cancer was 278/100 000, 339/100 000 and 484/100 000 in these 3 groups, respectively ((口恶)2=6.48,P=0.039). Compared to smokers with lower hsCRP levels (<1 mg/L), smokers with the highest hsCRP levels (>3 mg/L) had significantly increased risk of upper gastrointestinal cancer (HR=1.64, 95% CI:1.05-2.56, P=0.028) after adjusting for gender, age, drinking, BMI, diabetes, work environment and education degree. Compared to smokers with lower hsCRP levels (<1 mg/L), smokers with the highest hsCRP levels (>3 mg/L) had significantly increased risk of upper gastrointestinal cancer (HR=1.71, 95% CI:1.08-2.70, P=0.022) in the population of smokers aged 45 years old and above. Conclusions Elevated levels of hsCRP at baseline might increase the risk of upper gastrointestinal cancer in smokers.
Prospective associations of dietary inflammatory index and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in the second trimester of pregnancy with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus
ZHAO Mei, YU Xiao-ling, WANG Hong-ju, SU Chang, YUAN Li, YUAN Man-man, LI Tao, HU Yan, CHEN Yuan-hua, XU De-xiang
2018, 22(2): 113-116. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.003
Abstract(599) PDF(43)
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Objective To assess the effectiveness of dietary inflammatory index (DⅡ) in pregnant women and the association between DⅡ and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in the second trimester of pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University for pregnant women. A total of 336 women with singleton pregnancy and without obvious symptoms of infection in 16-20 gestational weeks were enrolled in the study. DⅡ and serum hs-CRP concentration were measured in 16-20 gestational weeks. DⅡ was derived from individual dietary intake obtained by 3 consecutive 24-hour recalls using a validated algorithm. The participants were followed up until delivery and the pregnancy outcomes were recorded. Results A total of 110 observations (32.74% of the total 336 observations) had elevated hs-CRP (>3 mg/L). The risk of developing GDM among women in the elevated hs-CRP compared with the normal hs-CRP was 1.96(95% CI:1.03-3.75). The significant positive relationship was showed between DⅡ and hs-CRP during the second trimester of pregnancy (r=0.20,P=0.003). Three groups were divided according to tertiles of DⅡ. The lowest (most anti-inflammtory) tertile was the referent. The risk of developing GDM increased across the tertiles (i.e., with increasing inflammatory potential):odds ratio (tertile2)=3.66 (95% CI:1.11-12.12); odds ratio (tertile3)=5.99 (95% CI:1.85-19.41). Conclusions The DⅡ is a novel tool that characterizes the inflammatory potential of diet for pregnant women. A higher DⅡ is prospectively associated with a higher risk of GDM, with association with serum hs-CRP. Promotion of a healthy diet exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties may contribute to prevent GDM.
Characteristics of unintentional fall-related injuries and the related factors among the elderly in Guangzhou from 2014 to 2016
LIAO Ying, WANG Yu-lin, LIU Hua-zhang, SUN Min-ying, QIN Fa-ju, CHEN Xi, HUANG Ting-yuan, FU Chuan-xi
2018, 22(2): 117-121. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.004
Abstract(330) PDF(52)
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Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of elderly unintentional fall-related injuries (EUFI) in Guangzhou and to provide evidence for scientific preventive strategies of EUFI. Methods Data on EUFI was collected from the first diagnosed cases in the injury surveillance hospitals in Guangzhou from 2014 to 2016 and demographic and characteristics of injuries were analyzed. Spearman's correlation was used to examine the associations between daily meteorological factors and the number of cases of EUFI. Logistic regression was performed to identify the risk factors for EUFI. Results A total of 4 451 EUFI cases were reported in Guangzhou from 2014 to 2016, accounting for 50.80% of all unintentional injuries in the elderly, with the sex ratio of male to female 1:1.67. Most EUFI occurred in autumn (27.68%). The most common place where falls occurred was at home (73.58%). The common injuries caused by fall were bruise (48.51%) and fractures (30.67%) respectively. Most of fall injuries were mild (62.39%). Daily wind speed, pressure and rainfall were positively correlated with the number of daily EUFI cases, while daily average temperature and sunshine hours were negatively correlated with daily EUFI (all P<0.05). The risk factors of EUFI were female, aged ≥ 70 years, immigrants, and cold temperature (all P<0.05). Conclusions Fall is the main cause of unintentional injuries in the elderly in Guangzhou. Cold temperature has adverse impact on EUFI, while the older women and immigrants are high-risk population. It is important to take targeted preventive measures and intervention to avoid EUFI.
The fall injury cases of urban and rural areas for minors in Jiangsu Province: a time-series prediction and analysis, 2006-2014
MA Cui-rong, YANG Jie, YU Xiao-jin
2018, 22(2): 122-125,137. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.005
Abstract(285) PDF(34)
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Objective To establish a predictive model of fall injury of minors in urban and rural areas in Jiangsu Province, and predict the occurrence of fall injury in urban and rural areas in order to offer reference of preventing and controlling minors fall injury. Methods The minors fall cases of urban and rural areas in Jiangsu Province from 2006 to 2014 were collected and grouped by monthly occurrence. The data from 2006 to 2013 was used as the fitting samples, and the data for 2014 was used as the forecast samples. The seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model (SARIMA model) was established and analyzed by statistical software SPSS 18.0. Results Through the process of modeling, the ultimately fitting model was SARIMA(0,1,1) (0,1,1)12 and SARIMA(0,1,1) (1,1,0)12 for urban and rural areas, respectively. The model diagnosis showed the residual error was white noise, and the Box-Ljung test for the model showed Q statistic was not statistically significant, so the model fitted the data well. In 2014, the average relative error between predicted value and observed value was 11.89% in urban, the corresponding average relative error in rural was 2.10%. The predicted results of the two places were nearly in accordance with the observations. Conclusions SARIMA model could forecast accurately for the falls of minors cases in Jiangsu Province, thus it can provide reliable data base in order to prevent and control cases of fall injury of minors more timely and scientifically.
Analysis of 2 173 cases of pediatric inpatients with fracture-an application of log-linear model
SHAO Kai, NIAN Hui-yu, RAN Yu, LIU Si-yun, CHANG Yan, OUYANG Fei-yun, HU Ming
2018, 22(2): 126-129. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.006
Abstract(239) PDF(34)
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Objective To investigate the interactions among factors influencing the fracture of hospitalized children in Hunan province, so as to provide targeted measures for the prevention of pediatric fractures. Methods The interactions among factors influencing children's fracture were screened and analyzed by the log linear model. Results There were significant difference in the cure rate ((口恶)2=51.036, P<0.001),the duration of hospital stay (H=67.101,P<0.001) and the hospitalization expenses (H=46.282,P<0.001) of different types of fracture of hospitalized children. There were interactions between the causes of fracture and types of fracture.The fall injury was easy to cause the fracture of the ulna or radius, and the traffic accident was prone to the fracture of the tibia or fibula. There were interactions among gender, age and causes of fracture.The most common causes of fracture among 0 to 3 years old boys were traffic accidents and falls. There were interactions among gender, age, and types of fracture. 0 to3 years old children, regardless of the gender, were less inclined to the fracture of ulna, radius or humerus. Conclusions Targeted measures should be taken to prevent children from fracture according to the age, gender, causes of fracture and types of fracture.The log-linear model can be used to analyze the interactions among multiple variables, and it is suitable for exploratory research.
Study on the prevalence of fatty liver and its associated factors in primary examination members of Qidong hepatoma family
YAN Yong-feng, SUN Yan, XUE Xue-feng, JIANG Xiao-ping, WANG Jin-bing, WU Yan, CHEN Tao-yang
2018, 22(2): 130-133. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.007
Abstract(361) PDF(36)
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Objective To investigate the prevalence of fatty liver in primary examination members of Qidong hepatoma family in Jiangsu and analyze its associated factors in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of fatty liver in members of hepatoma family. Methods A total of 537 participants in early detection of liver cancer family were selected from Qidong People's Hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 and their medical records and basic personal information were collected to analyze the prevalence of fatty liver. The related factors of fatty liver were explored by univariate analysis and Logistic regression analysis. Results Among the 537 participants, 112 cases of fatty liver were diagnosed by B-ultrasonography and the prevalence rates of fatty liver was 20.86%, which was higher in males than that in females. (22.75%>19.15%,(口恶)2=5.292, P=0.021). The prevalence of fatty liver was increased with age, which was higher in alcoholic drinks, overweight and obese, hypertension and hyperglycemia people, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Moreover, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that overweight and obesity, hypertension, tobacco and alcohol addiction, hyperglycemia were risk factors of fatty liver disease. Conclusions We need to strengthen the lifestyle intervention, have no smoking and limited amount of liquor, keep weight, blood pressure and blood sugar in normal levels in order to reduce the incidence of fatty liver.
Prevalence and predictors of depression in 500 diabetic patients in the city of Urumqi
PEIERDUN Mi-jiti, RENAGULI Si-dike, YANG Xun
2018, 22(2): 134-137. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.008
Abstract(481) PDF(41)
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Objective To investigate the prevalence and predictors of depression among patients with diabetes mellitus in Wulumuqi, China. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among patients diagnosed with diabetes in outpatient clinics and inpatients from December 1st, 2016 to April 30th, 2017 in Xinjiang Medical University the Fifth Affiliated Hospital. The depression status was screened using Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the predictors of depression among diabetic patients. Results The prevalence of depression was 20.00% in 500 patients with diabetes mellitus. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that female (compared to male, OR=2.18, 95% CI:1.49-3.19) and Uyghur (compared to Han ethnic group, OR=2.56,95% CI:1.17-5.57) divorced or widowed (compared to being married, OR=1.74,95% CI:1.04-3.07) were independent risk factors of depression. Education level equal to or higher than college (compared to primary school and lower, OR=0.38, 95% CI:0.19-0.76), family support(Yes/No, OR=0.50,95% CI:0.28-0.91) were protective factors for depression. Conclusions The prevalence of depression in patients with diabetes in Urumqi city is high, and it is related to multiple factors. Early diagnosis and intervention on depression in diabetic patients are recommended to improve the quality of life of diabetic patients.
Analysis of genetic polymorphisms in MPO, glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 and susceptibility to childhood acute leukemia
XIONG Li-hua, FENG Wen-ru, JIANG Li-yun, JIANG Hua, XU Xiu-xian, LIU Shi-qiang, LIN Rong
2018, 22(2): 138-141. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.009
Abstract(283) PDF(37)
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Objective To estimate the relationship between the genetic polymorphisms and interaction in MPO and glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1(GSTM1 and GSTT1)and the susceptibility to childhood acute leukemia. Methods 155 Guangdong children with acute leukemia and 155 healthy children were included in the case group and the control group,respectively. MPO, GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes were determined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. A Chi-square test was used to compare the differences between the case group and the control group. Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to analyze the risk of acute leukemia in each genotype. Results MPO G-463A mutation genotype(GA and AA) was more likely to decrease risk of childhood acute leukemia(OR=0.591,95% CI:0.356-0.981, P=0.041); GSTT1 null and GSTM1 null genotype increased the risk of childhood acute leukemia 2.991-fold that of GSTT1 non-null and STM1 non-null genotype.The interaction of three genotypes showed further incident risk (OR=3.484, 95% CI:1.626-7.466,P=0.041). Conclusions The interaction of MPO G-463A GG genotype, GSTT1 null genotype and GSTM1 null genotype was related to an increased risk of childhood acute leukemia, which can be considered as an important biomarker to assess the susceptibility to childhood acute leukemia.
Genetic polymorphisms of IL-17, TLR4 and P2X7 in association with the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
ZHANG Zhi-hai, DAI Yao-yao, CHEN Jie, XU Li-na, SHANG Yun-fei, LU Rong-rong, WANG Jian-ming
2018, 22(2): 142-146,152. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.010
Abstract(207) PDF(31)
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Objective To explore the genetic polymorphisms of interleukin-17 (IL-17), toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) and purnergic receptor P2X7 (P2X7) in association with the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods A case-control study was performed by recruiting 152 COPD cases from the Third People's Hospital of Nantong from June 2015 to May 2016. Healthy controls were selected from a group of people attending the physical examination and were frequency-matched to the cases by sex and age. Genotyping was performed by using the TaqMan allelic discrimination technology. The association was estimated by using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results After the Bonferroni correction, the polymorphisms of rs2275913 and rs763780 in IL-17 gene, rs10759932 and rs2737190 in TLR4 gene, and rs1718119 in P2X7 gene were significantly associated with the altered risks of COPD (all P<0.05). Individuals carrying rs2275913 allele A had a reduced risk of COPD, with the OR of 0.62(95% CI:0.46-0.86). Individuals carrying rs763780 allele C had an increased risk, with the OR of 1.96(95% CI:1.29-2.98). Individuals carrying rs10759932 allele C had a reduced risk, with the OR of 0.49(95% CI:0.34-0.73). Individuals carrying rs2737190 allele G had a reduced risk, with the OR of 0.51(95% CI:0.37-0.71). Conclusions Genetic polymorphisms of IL-17, TLR4 and P2X7 were significantly associated with the altered risks of COPD.
Analysis of characteristics of rpoB gene mutation in rifampicin-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate from Yunnan Province
YANG Hui-juan, CHEN Lian-yong, RU Hao-hao, YANG Xing, YAN Shuang-qun, XU Lin
2018, 22(2): 147-152. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.011
Abstract(400) PDF(33)
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Objective To analyze the characteristics of rpoB gene mutation in rifampicin-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate from Yunnan province. Methods This study selected 102 mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates and 1 strain of H37Rv standard mycobacterium tuberculosis. The fragments of rpoB gene including rifampicin resistance determining region were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by sequencing. Results were analyzed by MEGA 5 software. Results The coincidence rate of rifampicin-resistant genotype and phenotype was 92.00%(69/75). There were 11 species of mutations which affect amino acid sequence. All mutations were point mutations, among which, 92.96% were single codon mutations and 7.04% were combination mutations. The top 3 codon mutations were rpoB531 (43.66%), rpoB526 (26.76%) and rpoB516 (9.86%), accounting for 80.28% of all mutations tested. There was no difference in rpoB gene mutations in clinical isolates from new patients and retreatment patients. There was a difference in the composition of rpoB mutations in MDR-TB and rifampicin resistant. Conclusions The detection of rpoB mutations in Yunnan Province can be used as an important indicator for rifampicin-resistant screening. The rpoB gene mutations may not be affected by previous administration of rifampicin and the duration of administration, while isoniazid may affect the molecular mechanism of rpoB gene mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of scrub typhus in Fuzhou from 2011 to 2015
SHANGGUAN Zhi-yang, WU Fei-lin, YAN Xiu-ying, ZHANG Zhi-hong, ZHENG Yue-e, ZHU Xiao-kang
2018, 22(2): 153-156. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.012
Abstract(187) PDF(24)
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Objective To analyze the epidemic trend and characteristics of scrub typhus in Fuzhou from 2011 to 2015, and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of scrub typhus. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was conducted to analyze the data of scrub typhus in Fuzhou from 2011 to 2015. Results A total of 677 scrub typhus cases were reported in Fuzhou from 2011 to 2015. The annual average incidence of scrub typhus was 3.42/100 000. The incidence showed an upward trend ((口恶)trend2=630.823, P<0.001), and the annual average growth rate was 102.69%. The number of cases (accounted for 86.71%) and the annual average incidence of scrub typhus (40.26/100 000) in Nanfeng County were the highest in the counties of Fuzhou. The incidences of scrub typhus in Nanfeng County ((口恶)trend2=571.513, P<0.001), Yihuang County ((口恶)trend2=37.584, P<0.001) and Lichuan County ((口恶)trend2=6.969,P=0.008) were on the rise. The incidence of scrub typhus was obviously seasonal, mainly from June to December (accounted for 98.23%), with the most cases (accounted for 56.13%) occurred in November and December. In all reported cases, male-female ratio was 1:1.21, 76.81% of them were between 40 and 69 years old, 51.11% of them were aged 50 years old and above, 94.68% of them were farmers. Conclusions The incidence of scrub typhus increased in Fuzhou in the past five years, with obvious seasonality. The epidemic situation of scrub typhus in Nanfeng County was fairly serious. The famers, women, middle-aged and elderly people were at high risk. Effective measures should be focused on the high-risk areas and key populations to control the scrub typhus epidemic.
Evaluation on effects of a health education program on the improvement of hand foot and mouth disease among guardians of children in rural areas
CHEN Guo-ping, SUN Liang, ZHANG Jin, MA Bing, WANG Zheng, XING Xiu-ya, NI Jie, MA Wan-wan, SU Bin
2018, 22(2): 157-160. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.013
Abstract(344) PDF(47)
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Objective To explore suitable hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) health education program among guardians of children in rural areas. Methods According to the geographic location, 4 towns were chosen and randomly divided into intervention group and control group. Peer education, sending text message, broadcasting county radio, playing video in kindergarten and vaccination clinic were used in intervention group, no measure were used in control group. The effects of health education were evaluated by comparing HFMD knowledge rate, hygiene habits and accessibility of health education measures. Results The awareness rate of HFMD in intervention group and control group were 67.34% and 45.86% respectively, the difference was statistically significant ((口恶)2=494.478,P<0.001). The health habits of children's guardians and children in intervention group were better than those in control group (all P<0.05). The accessibility rate of sending text message was 12.70% which was lower than that of other health education measures. Conclusions According to the effect of health education measures, accessibility and difficulty of their application, broadcasting county radio, playing video in kindergarten and vaccination clinic were suitable health education measures for guardians of children in rural areas.
Analysis of avian influenza virus surveillance in live poultry markets in Jiangxi Province from 2015 to 2016
LIU Xiao-qing, ZENG Zhi-li, FU Wei-jie, ZHU Meng-man, XIE Yun, LIU Mei, YUAN Hui
2018, 22(2): 161-164. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.014
Abstract(375) PDF(112)
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Objective To understand the dynamic distribution of avian influenza virus in live poultry markets in Jiangxi Province, so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of human avian influenza epidemic. Methods A total of 15 districts or counties live poultry markets in Jiangxi Province were selected by random sampling. The live poultry market environmental specimens to detect the nucleic acid of avian influenza virus were carried out by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR). The results were statistically analyzed with Excel and SPSS 19.0 software. Results A total of 3 057 samples were collected and tested from April 2015 to December 2016, and the overall positive rate of avian influenza A virus was 50.44% (1 542 cases), among which, the positive rates of H9 was 43.97%, type A unclassified was 19.78%, and H5 and H9 mixed type was 19.07%. Higher positive rates of influenza A virus were observed in Leping City (87.62%) and Yushui county (80.48%), but the pollution situation of avian influenza virus in both live poultry markets was different. Leping City was mainly polluted by H5 and H9 subtypes, and Yushui county was H9 subtype. The positive rates of avian influenza virus in poultry drinking samples and clean poultry samples were 63.84% and 60.0%, respectively. All four quarters had detected avian influenza A virus, with the fourth quarter having the highest positive rate of 54.60%. Conclusions There are H5, H9 and various subtypes of avian influenza virus pollution in the environment of live poultry markets in Jiangxi Province. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce the risk of infection.
Study on correlation of the plasma IL-6 concentration with HCV RNA and liver function in HCV high-risk paid blood donors
YANG Jing-jing, HUANG Peng, TIAN Ting, FAN Hao-zhi, YU Rong-bin, YUE Ming, ZHANG Yun, WANG Jie
2018, 22(2): 165-167,172. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.015
Abstract(406) PDF(28)
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Objective To explore the relationship of plasma interleukin 6(IL-6) concentration with HCV RNA, liver function in hepatitis C patients and investigate the role of cytokines in chronic HCV infection. Methods 138 patients with persistent HCV infection and 152 uninfected controls were selected in this study. The plasma IL-6 level and HCV viral load were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) respectively. The spearman correlation and partial correlation analyses were used to explore their correlations with liver function indexes. Results The chronic HCV infected patients had higher plasma IL-6 level than that of healthy controls (t=-3.066, P=0.002). The IL-6 concentration had a positive correlation with alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (before the adjustment:rALT=0.186, PALT=0.001, rAST=0.177. PAST=0.003; after the adjustment:rALT=0.200, PALT=0.001, rAST=0.127, PAST=0.039). The HCV viral load was positively correlated with the IL-6 level in chronic hepatitis C patients (before the adjustment:r=0.199, P=0.019; after the adjustment:r=0.200, P=0.025). Conclusions The plasma IL-6 may be associated with HCV infection and chronic level. The findings provided more insights into the immune mechanism for the development of HCV infection.
Analysis of influencing factors on hospitalization expenditures of patients with alveolar echinococcosis in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
SHAO Jun, WANG Zhi-xin, YANG Dan-cai-rang, REN Li, HOU Li-zhao, ZHOU Ying, WANG Hai-jiu, FAN Hai-ning, WANG Hu
2018, 22(2): 168-172. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.016
Abstract(354) PDF(22)
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Objective To analyze the fluctuations and main influencing factors of hospitalization expenditures of patients with alveolar echinococcosis(AE), and to provide reference for comprehensive treatment of alveolar echinococcosis. Methods Based on the hospital information system of two 3A grade hospitals in Qinghai Province from 2004 April to 2016 January, multiwarite Logistic analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of hospitalization expenditures. Results The total 300 cases of AE patients, including 132 cases of male (44.0%), and 168 cases were female (56.0%); the average age was(38.87±13.62)years old; Tibetan 225 cases (75.0%);the median hospitalization days were 15 (1-102) days, the median total hospitalization expenses of 14 115.25 (361.20-187 670.60) yuan.The medicine costs accounted for 36.0%, the diagnosis costs accounted for 20.0%, supplies costs accounted for 19.0% and the cost of treatment accounted for 13.0%. The binary Logistic regression analysis showed that hospitalization days, surgery or not, payment terms and combined disease were the main factors affecting hospitalization expenses and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions In recent years, the cost of hospitalization of alveolar echinococcosis increased day by day. Having other diagnoses, treatment methods and payment terms are influencing factors of hospitalization expenditures, so the choice of appropriate treatment, the development of reasonable single disease management measures to control hospitalization expenses.
Analysis on the influencing factors of self-rated health among the elderly by using multilevel model
LIU Xiang, FU Xue-lian, LIU Ben-yan, LI Hong-yan, ZHOU Liang-ying
2018, 22(2): 173-177. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.017
Abstract(455) PDF(28)
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Objective To investigate the self-rated health status and influencing factors among the elderly in Jianyang City. Methods Based on the household health survey in 2015, the elderly aged 60 years and over were included in the analysis. Multi-level logistic model based on the level of town, family and individual was applied to examine the factors influencing the elderly's self-rated health. Results Among the 6 525 old people included in the study, 2 013(30.9%) individual evaluated their health status as good, 3 389(51.9%) as general, 1 123(17.2%) as poor. Multilevel model indicated that the self-rated health clustered in town and family level. Age, education, marriage, chronic disease, reporting illness within 2 weeks, depression, smoking, drinking, acquiring health knowledge, utilization of preventive service, family relationship and living condition were influencing factors of self-rated health in old people. Conclusions The self-evaluated health is affected by various factors.More attention should be paid to the elderly with low education level, poor living condition, poor health situation, lack of health care awareness, weak social support and depression. Comprehensive interventions on the level of region, family and individual should be considered to promote the health condition of the elderly.
Analysis of association between the floating time, self-reported health and health risk of breast hyperplasia in female young and middle-aged floating population
ZHANG Yong-hong, ZHANG Zhi-gang, SHEN Xi-ping, WANG Fang, YANG Li-ping, ZHANG Cai-yun
2018, 22(2): 178-182. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.018
Abstract(281) PDF(22)
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Objective To evaluate the correlation between the floating time,self-reported health and health risk of breast hyperplasia of female young and middle-aged floating population. Methods An investigatin including 303 subjects aged 18-40 years female floating population was conducted in Xi'an Yuhua Village Community Health Service Center form September 2016 to March 2017,and risk of breast hyperplasia was evaluated.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the correlation between the floating time, self-reported health and risk of breast hyperplasia. Results Multiple linear regression analysis after adjustment of confounding factors showed no significant correlation between the floating time and health risk of breast hyperplasia(β=-0.028, P=0.516).Self-reported health were significantly correlated with breast hyperplasia health risk (β=0.676, P< 0.001), lifestyle dimension (β=0.216, P<0.001) and stress dimension (β=0.324, P< 0.001). Conclusions There is no significant correlation between the floating time and health risk of breast hyperplasia among female young and middle-aged floating population.Lower self-reported health is significantly associated with increased health risk of breast hyperplasia, lifestyle dimension and metal stress dimension.
A matched case-control study on the risk factors of severe early childhood caries among 5 years old children in Guangzhou 2015
LIU Wei, XIONG Li-hua, LIN Rong, LIN Lin, CHEN Si-yu, GUO Chong-shan, LIU Wei-jia
2018, 22(2): 183-186,207. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.019
Abstract(405) PDF(22)
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Objective To study the risk factors of severe early childhood caries (SECC) among 5 years old children in Guangzhou, and to provide theoretical evidence for developing scientific and effective interventions. Methods 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted in 244 cases with SECC and 244 controls with no caries based on population survey. Univariate and multivariate conditional Logistic regressions were used to analyze the factors influencing SECC. Results Multivariate conditional Logistic regression showed that low birth weight (OR=3.08, 95% CI:1.00-9.43, P=0.049), high birth weight (OR=2.30,95%CI:1.06-4.97,P=0.035) regular eating sweets (OR=2.17, 95% CI:1.07-4.44, P=0.033), habit of eating sweets before bedtime (OR=1.80, 95% CI:1.08-2.98, P=0.023), parent age (OR=0.05, 95% CI:0.28-0.87, P=0.015) were risk factors for the occurrence of SECC among 5 years old children in Guangzhou. Conclusions Parents should pay more attention to children's deciduous caries, and good eating habits should be developed from younger age for reducing SECC occurrence.
Factors influencing the early neurodevelopment in premature infants
WANG Xue-yin, ZHANG Xiao-song, ZHAO Geng-li, ZHOU Min, WANG Xu, XIE Tian, HAO Bo
2018, 22(2): 187-190,194. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.020
Abstract(312) PDF(29)
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Objective To assess early neurodevelopment of premature infants and explore its influencing factors and provide guidance on health care for premature infants. Methods A total of 859 premature infants were followed up and given early comprehensive intervention. Bayley scales of infant development (BSID-I) was used to evaluate their mental and motor development. Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to explore influencing factors of mental and motor development. Results At the corrected age of 6 months, the growth retardation rate of mental and motor development was 2.4% and 3.4%, respectively. Premature infants with birth weight ≥ 2 000 g, monthly household income ≥ 5 000 yuan and breast-feeding within the first 6 months had better mental development (all P<0.05); and those with monthly household income ≥ 5 000 yuan, breast-feeding within the first 6 months and with completed early family intervention had better motor development (all P<0.05). Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that mental development was positively correlated with breast-feeding within the first 6 months (β=2.827, 95% CI:0.348-5.305), higher birth weight (β=4.030, 95% CI:1.351-6.710) and higher monthly household income (β=2.909, 95% CI:0.352-5.465);and mental development was positively correlated with completed early family intervention (β=2.331, 95% CI:0.146-4.516) and higher monthly household income (β=2.848, 95% CI:0.156-5.541). Conclusions Breast-feeding within 6 months and early family intervention could promote neurodevelopment of premature infants. Thus, more attention should be paid to premature infants with lower birth weight and lower household income.
A retrospective analysis on the prevalence and clinical characteristics of epstein-barr virus infection in one tertiary first-class hospital
XU Da-bing, SUN Yu-jie, SHEN Zuo-jun
2018, 22(2): 191-194. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.021
Abstract(491) PDF(32)
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Objective To investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of epstein-barr (EB) virus infection in the hospital and to provide scientific theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of EBV infection and related diseases. Methods A retrospective study was conducted among EB infected patients in our hospital from October 2015 to September 2016. The relationship between detection results and clinical data of patients were analyzed. Results The plasma samples from 1 313 patients were collected and detected for EB infection. 314 cases were found EBV-DNA positive with a total positive rate of 23.91%. The positive rates of female patients (21.60%) and male patients (25.27%) showed no significant difference ((口恶)2=2.26, P=0.133). The positive rate of EBV-DNA varied in different age groups, peaking at 1-10 and 61-70 years old. The positive rate altered by different seasons was highest (36.44%) in autumn and lowest in winter (13.00%). There was significant difference in the EB infection rate among different departments of the hospital. The top five departments with high infection rate of EB were pediatrics (40.91%), radiotherapy (39.30%), hematology (18.50%), infectious disease (16.98%) and intensive care unit (15.79%). The positive rate of EBV-DNA in different diseases was different. Conclusions Infection rate of EB virus in our hospital is comparable with that in other regions of China. The infection rate varies in different seasons, ages and departments in the hospital. The clinical manifestations of EB virus infection are complex and varied.
The effect of PPARγ agonist on the level of oxidative stress and inflammation in gestational diabetes mellitus mice
XU Meng, MA Yan-ling, ZHAO Qi-hong, HU Chuan-lai, HE Xiu-jie, QIN Feng-yun, ZHU Meng
2018, 22(2): 195-198. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.022
Abstract(309) PDF(34)
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Objective To explore the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist on the level of oxidative stress and inflammation in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mice. Methods The maternal gestational diabetes mouse model was established in 7-week-old C57/BL6 mice. Twenty-four GDM model mice were divided randomly into two subgroups:GDM group and rosiglitazone (RSG) intervention group. Twelve pregnant mice were selected as control group. The data of weight and glucose were detected on gestation day (GD) 10,12,14,16 and 18. Glucose oxidase-peroxidase method was used to determine the glucose levels in the blood, determination of serum insulin levels by radioimmunoassay (RIA), serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8(IL-8) levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity levels were measured by WST-1, determination of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) content by peroxidase micro assay. Results The body weight(F=306.53,P<0.001)and serum glucose (F=31.20,P<0.001) of pregnant mice were significantly different at different time (all P<0.05). The body weight and serum glucose were also affected by interaction of time and group(all P<0.05). The insulin levels of pregnant mice in each group were significantly different (F=6.33,P=0.009). The levels of oxidative stress (SOD, GSH-Px) and inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8) in each group were significantly different (all P<0.05). Conclusions PPARγ agonist supplement can increase the levels of SOD and GSH-Px, and reduce the levels of TNF-α to improve the environment of oxidative stress and inflammation in gestational diabetes mellitus mice.
The founder of modern epidemiology: William Farr
WU Jun, QIAN Liu-yu, YE Dong-qing
2018, 22(2): 199-201. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.023
Abstract(922) PDF(68)
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William Farr(1807-1883), an English epidemiologist, was one of the founders of medical statistics, and was a prominent figure in Victorian public health activities.He created the world's best official vital statistics system in England, further improved life table method, and proposed many epidemiological concepts, such as the standardized mortality rate,prevalence, person year and dose-response relationship. This series of work not only made him a pioneer in the field of vital statistics, but also laid a solid theoretical foundation for the quantitative research of epidemiology.
Effects evaluation of child safety seat legislation in Nanshan district, Shenzhen
GAO Ran, ZHAO Dan, MA Jian-ping, OUYANG Bin-fa, LI Yan-ni, GONG Jia-hui, WANG Chang-yi, LI Li-ping
2018, 22(2): 202-204. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.024
Abstract(258) PDF(23)
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Effect of the salt reduction guidance toolkit intervention of Tianjin residents
WANG Zi-bing, CHANG Gai, PAN Yi, LI Jing, XIN Peng, WANG Wen-juan, ZHU Chuan-fang, JIANG Guo-hong
2018, 22(2): 205-207. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.025
Abstract(227) PDF(24)
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Agreement between self-reported and measured body height, weight, and waist circumference among urban residents in Nanjing
HE Jing, YE Qing, WANG Zhi-yong, XU Fei
2018, 22(2): 208-210,214. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.026
Abstract(323) PDF(31)
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Efficacy and safety evaluation of tocilizumab combined with cDMARDs in the treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis
ZHANG Min, TAN Zhen, MA Yan, TAO Jin-hui, JIN Li, WANG Guo-sheng, LI Xiao-mei, SHAN Shu-guang, LI Xiang-pei
2018, 22(2): 211-214. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.02.027
Abstract(436) PDF(43)
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