中华疾病控制杂志

Issues of environment and health related to rapid urbanization in China

DENG Fu-rong, GUO Xin-biao

2018, 22(5): 433-434,444. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.001

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The issue of environment and health has been an important livelihood issue that concerned about by Chinese government. In recent decades, great progress has been made in urbanization in China, however, some problems have arisen. This paper points out the possible environmental and health problems that should be paid attention to in the new type of urbanization in China and puts forward the direction for future research.

Risk factors for non-enterovirus A71-associated severe hand, foot and mouth disease: a case-control study

MENG Yu, XIONG Tian-tian, HUANG Jiao, ZHAO Rong-xian, WANG Ke, WU Tai-shun, WEI Sheng

2018, 22(5): 435-438. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.002

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Objective To explore the risk factors for non-enterovirus A71 (EV-A71)-associated severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) for early identification and treatment of the disease.Methods HFMD patients from the People's Hospital of Baoan in Shenzhen City were enrolled from May, 2015 to November, 2016. Clinico-epidemiological data were recorded and patient samples were collected. The enterovirus serotype was identified using real-time PCR. Then the non-EV-A71 patients were divided into two groups, with 185 cases and 185 controls, respectively. Influential factors of severe cases were screened through multi-factor conditional likelihood ratio method.Results Fever temperature above 39℃ (OR=6.61,95% CI:3.17-13.81), papule (OR=2.82,95% CI:1.40-5.69), rash on feet (OR=2.05, 95% CI:1.08-3.90), delay in seeing the doctor for one day (OR=3.44,95% CI:1.56-7.58), complications at birth (OR=7.37,95% CI:1.66-32.70), non-breast feeding (OR=1.89, 95% CI:1.01-3.54), playing a lot in the neighborhood (OR=2.92,95% CI:1.44-5.92), frequent toys chewing (OR=2.27,95% CI:1.13-4.53) were the risk factors of severe cases (all P<0.05).Conclusions Identifying risk factors of non-EV-A71-associated severe HFMD by clinical and laboratory methods will promote early diagnosis and treatment of the disease and provide evidence for health education.

Analysis of death and survival time of HIV/AIDS patients from 1998 to 2015 in Wuhan City, Hubei Province

XIE Qian, XIE Nian-hua, WANG Xia, TAN Xiao-dong, ZHOU Wang

2018, 22(5): 439-444. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.003

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Objective To discuss the death, survival and its influencing factors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) carriers/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients in Wuhan City.Methods HIV/AIDS patients in Wuhan were recruited into this cohort study between January 1st, 1998 and December 31st, 2015. Information related to survivals, deaths and others were collected and the total mortality was calculated. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the factors influencing survival time.Results A total of 3 310 HIV/AIDS patients were recruited and 363 deaths were reported with the total mortality rate of 4.22 per 100 persons per year. The average age at death was 52. Univariate analysis presented a significant difference (all P<0.05) in survival time of HIV/AIDS patients based on age, marriage, education, exposure history, the course of disease, whether to provide publicity and education or not, whether to provide anti-opportunistic infection drugs or not, whether to provide social assistance or not, whether to suffer from tuberculosis or not, whether to be subject to antiretroviral therapy (ART), the baseline CD4⁺ cell counts. Analysis of Cox proportional hazard model indicated that age from 65 to 88 years, low education, being a AIDS patient, not providing publicity and education, suffering from tuberculosis, not receiving ART, and CD4⁺ cell count<200 (P<0.05) were risk factors of death.Conclusions The all-cause mortality rate of HIV/AIDS patients is decreasing in the recent years. The important influencing factor of the survival time among HIV/AIDS patients is ART. It is necessary to implement the effective interventions continuously based on the factors related to the mortality of HIV/AIDS patients to increase their life span.

Influencing factors of CD4⁺ T-cell counts changes among female HIV/AIDS patients after highly active antiretroviral treatment in Liuzhou

ZHU Zhi-wei, FAN Yin-guang, FENG Xian-xiang, WEI Li, LIU Xue-mei, YE Dong-qing

2018, 22(5): 445-449. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.004

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Objective To understand the status of antiretroviral treatment for female human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome(HIV/AIDS) patients and analyze the influencing factors that affect the CD4 change after antiretroviral therapy (ART), so as to provide theoretical basis for improving the antiviral treatment effect of this group in the future.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted among female HIV/AIDS patients, selected from October 2016 to January 2017. Female patients were interviewed by questionnaire and related data was recorded from The Comprehensive Prevention and Control System of AIDS in China. A model of ordinal logistic regression was performed to analyze the factors that affect CD4 changes after HAART.Results 428 female HIV/AIDS patients received an significant average increase of CD4 count (Z=-16.596, P<0.001). Having sex with spouse or regular sexual partners (OR=1.465, 95% CI:1.009-2.128, P=0.045) was a protective factor for CD4 increases, using illicit drug (OR=0.063, 95% CI:0.007-0.547, P=0.012), depression, opportunistic infection (OR=0.423, 95% CI:0.281-0.636, P<0.001) and tuberculosis (OR=0.334, 95% CI:0.179-0.622, P=0.001) before ART were high risk factors for CD4 increases.Conclusions The results of this study indicated that the levels of CD4 in female HIV/AIDS patients increased significantly after ART. Promoting sexual behavior with spouse/regular partners, removing the bad life behavior, improving the mental health status, treating AIDS-related diseases and infections may effectivey improve the effect of ART.

Impact of ambient particulate matters exposure on the risk of influenza-like illness in Ningbo, China: a time series study

WANG Si-jia, LIAO Qing, YI Bo, CHEN Yi, LAO Xu-ying, GU Shao-hua, XU Guo-zhang, NIE Shao-fa

2018, 22(5): 450-454. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.005

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Objective To investigate the effect of ambient particulate matters with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM_2.5) and ≤ 10 μm (PM₁₀)on the incidence of influenza-like illness in Ningbo.Methods Time series study on PM_2.5, PM₁₀ and the incidence of influenza-like illness from 2014 to 2016 was investigated by using the distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM). The corresponding attributable risk proportion(AR%) was calculated to assess the acute effect of contaminants on the onset of influenza-like illness.Results There was a positive correlation between the two kinds of particulate matters, PM₁₀ and PM_2.5, and the incidence of influenza-like cases. Analysis of single pollutant showed that both PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 increased the incidence of influenza-like illness in the short term, and the effect was characterized by hysteresis and harvesting, with the AR% of 5.13%(95% CI:2.94%-7.37%,P<0.001) and 2.52%(95% CI:-0.75%-5.90%,P=0.139), respectively. Furthermore, the acute health effects caused by PM₁₀ were more severe than that caused by PM_2.5. Analysis of double pollutants showed that the association between PM₁₀ and influenza-like illness was changed after adjusting for other gaseous pollutants. By contrast, PM_2.5 significantly increased the incidence of influenza-like illness with a 0-7 day lag after adjusting nitrogen dioxide (NO₂).Conclusion Increased concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 may increase the incidence of influenza-like illness.

Respiratory mortality risk attributable to relative humidity in Zhejiang Province from 2010 to 2013

ZENG Jie, ZHANG Xue-hai, LIN Ai-hua, HUANG Cun-rui

2018, 22(5): 455-458,463. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.006

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Objective Climate change has a significant impact on human health. This study aims to examine the relationship between humidity and respiratory related mortality in China.Methods We collected the daily meteorological data and respiratory mortality from 11 cities in Zhejiang Province during 2010-2013. We applied distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM) with the indicator of attributable fraction (AF) to estimate the city-specific effect of humidity on respiratory mortality, and then used multivariate Meta-analytical model to pool the effect estimates in the 11 cities.Results We analyzed the total of 63 589 respiratory deaths during the study period,among which 6.16% (95% eCI:1.97%-9.34%) of mortality were attributable to non-optimum humidity. We observed a significant cumulative effect due to low humidity with an AF of 4.69% (95% eCI:1.79%-6.94%) while that due to high humidity was 1.47% (95% eCI:-1.17%-3.57%). The minimum mortality humidity (MMH) increased from 44% to 93% with a median of 88% which was corresponding to the percentile ranged from 80th to 95th percentiles in 8 cities. Both attributable fractions of high and low humidity were higher among males, youth and inland people in comparison with females, elderly and coastal people.Conclusions Most of the humidity-related mortality burden was attributable to the low humidity. This evidence has important implications for reducing the risk of extreme humidity for respiratory mortality.

Diagnostic delay and therapy outcomes of new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis among adolescents in Guangxi, China from 2010 to 2015

PAN Dong-xiang, LIN Mei, LIANG Da-bin, HUANG Min-ying, SU Hua-bin, LIN Ding-wen

2018, 22(5): 459-463. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.007

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Objective To study the length of patient delay and health system delay, and influence on the treatment outcomes, analyze the influencing factors of delays among adolescents with new smear positive tuberculosis(TB) in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China.Methods New smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients aged 10-19 years managed by Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region during the period from 2010 to 2015 were collected. Descriptive study was used to analyze the patients' demographic, clinical characteristics, different delay level and treatment outcome. Descriptive statistics and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were employed.Results A total of 2 196 adolescents were retrieved in the study. The median patient delay was 36 days and health system delay was 1 days, respectively. 2 122 cases were cured, the cure rate was 96.6%. Male, students adolescents were more likely to have shorter patient delay. Had cavitation on chest (OR=1.31, 95% CI:1.10-1.57, P=0.002) were more likely to have long patient delay. Ethnic minorities, migrants, referral to the TB hospital and cavitation on chest were more likely to have long health system delay. Predictors for cure included intensive treatment supervision and drug adherence for six months.Conclusions The delay periods of adolescents TB were lower than that of the general population, the cure rate was higher than the national planning indicators requirements. Occupation and pulmonary cavity were associated with patient delays, ethnic, patients with source and pulmonary cavity were associated with health system delay.

Case-control study of the burden of pneumoconiosis

LI Xia, ZHU Chang-cai, XIONG Feng

2018, 22(5): 464-466,471. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.008

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Objective To investigate the burden of pneumoconiosis and its influencing factors, and to provide scientific basis for developing specific intervention measures.Methods A case-control study was conducted to analyze patients' direct and indirect economic burdens of pneumoconiosis and its influencing factors by using disability adjusted life year (DALY) and multiple factor regression analysis.Results The direct and indirect economic loss percapita attributed to pneumoconiosis were 6 363.28 yuan and 67 207.05 yuan respectively. Patients' average DALY loss due to pneumoconiosis was 6.22 years.The main influencing factors of pneumoconiosis patients' DALY were age, working years, complications, and disability levels (all P<0.05).Conclusions The direct and indirect economic burdens, DALY loss due to pneumoconiosis were great. Age, working years, complications and disability levels were major factors that influence the DALY of patients with pneumoconiosis.

Distribution and characteristics of injury-related cases from injury surveillance system in rural and urban areas in Jiangsu from 2006 to 2014

DU Wen-cong, YANG Jie, ZHOU Jin-yi, ZHANG Yong-qing, SHI Zhan, ZHAO Li-xia, WU Ming

2018, 22(5): 467-471. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.009

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Objective To understand the distribution and characteristics of injury cases in urban and rural areas in Jiangsu, and provide the basis for the development of effective injury prevention strategy.Methods Data of first-time injuries reported by Jiangsu Injury Surveillance sentinel hospitals from 2006 to 2014 were collected and descriptively analysed.Results A total of 508 728 cases were included. Urban residents aged 40-, 20-and 45-years old had the highest injury rates (11.9%, 11.1% and 10.1%), while injury most commonly occurred among rural residents aged 20-(11.7%), 40-(10.5%) and 25-(9.8%). The major career structure of the urban and rural injury cases were respectively business and service (14.7%), and production and transportation (45.2%).The major cause of injuries in the urban area was falls (32.2%), whereas was traffic-related (25.0%)in rural area. In both urban and rural areas, the major place where injuries occurred was road/street. Recreation activities were the major activities when injuries took place. Most injury cases were unintentional.Conclusions Falls and traffic accidences were main causes of injuries among both rural and urban residents annually. Intervention strategies are needed to to decrease the injury incidence.

The epidemiology of injuries among elementary and middle school students in Shanghai from 2011 to 2015 academic year

QU Ling-xiao, LUO Chun-yan, ZHANG Zhe, ZHOU Yue-fang, LI Yang, XU Biao

2018, 22(5): 472-475,503. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.010

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Objective To investigate the epidemiology of injuries among elementary and middle school students in Shanghai, so as to provide basis for developing intervention strategies to reduce injuries for school-aged children.Methods Illness-induced absenteeism surveillance system was utilized to record injuries among school-aged students in Shanghai from 2011 to 2015 academic year. Epidemiological characteristics of injuries were analyzed.Results A total of 26 061 injury cases were reported from September 2011 to June 2016, most of which had only one single type (97.1%). Among all the identified cases, 71.3% involved boys, over 90% were about children whose age were between 6 and 10 years (41.8%) or between 11 and 15 years (48.8%). Over half of the cases occurred in April, May, September and October (54.7%). Freshmen in primary school, junior middle school, and senior middle school were all at higher risks compared to their counterparts in other school years. Fractures (48.1%), sprains/pulls (19.7%) and abrasions/contusions (15.0%) were the most common types of injuries. There were significant differences in the distribution of each injury type associated with gender (χ²=193.474, P<0.001), study stage (χ²=1 349.245, P<0.001) and month (χ²=290.992, P<0.001). The percentages of males with fractures (49.8% vs. 44.0%), and open wounds/hemorrhages (9.6% vs. 7.8%) exceeded those of females, while females were more likely to have sprains/pulls (22.0% vs. 18.7%), and bruises/contusions (16.1% vs. 14.4%). On the one hand, as students entered a higher grade, the proportions of fractures, bruises/contusions, open wounds/hemorrhages, scalds and crush injuries all decreased; whereas the proportions of sprains/pulls and muscle/tendon strain increased. On the other hand, the composition ratio of traumatic brain injury remained a steady level around 1.3% regardless of grade level.Conclusions Elementary and primary school students experienced different types of injuries, whose distribution varied with gender, grade level and month of the year. Health education and other preventive strategies should be implemented appropriately.

Gender, area differences and age trends in congenital diseases among disabled children in Sichuan Province

ZHAO Jun, DAI Qiao-yun, YUAN Yan, ZHANG Hong-guang, TIAN Ai-ping, PENG Zuo-qi, ZHANG Xu, YANG Xue-ying, MA Xu

2018, 22(5): 476-480. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.011

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Objective To analyze gender, area differences and age trends in congenital diseases among disabled children in Sichuan Province, so as to provide scientific basis for developing prevention and control strategies for these diseases.Methods A total of 21 059 diagnosed congenital diseases corresponding to 18 897 disabled children who applied for medical authentication between 2004 and 2015 in Sichuan Province were coded according to the Tenth Revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10). Gender, area differences and age trends in the coded congenital diseases were analyzed.Results Gender differences showed that the proportion of congenital heart disease in females was significantly higher than that in males (30.85% vs 19.08%), the proportions of congenital malformations of brain and congenital musculoskeletal deformities in males (7.24% and 4.76%) were significantly higher than those in females (5.94% and 3.92%). Age trends analysis showed that the proportions of congenital malformations of spine and bony thorax increased with age, the proportions of congenital heart disease, congenital malformations of brain, Down's syndrome decreased with age (all P<0.05). Area differences showed that Down's syndrome and congenital lens malformations were relatively higher in urban areas, while congenital musculoskeletal deformities, reduction defects of upper limb, cleft lip and palate were relatively higher in rural areas.Conclusions Gender, age differences and area trends exist among children with congenital anomalies in Sichuan Province. Effective prevention strategies should be developed to control congenital diseases and reduce the reproductive risk of families with congenital disabled children.

Improvement study of the vitamin A supplementation in school age children of 7-12 years old in rural areas, Gansu Province

GUO Ke, YANG Yue-xin, LIU Tong, ZHANG Yin-hong, LIU Wei, WANG Yu

2018, 22(5): 481-484. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.012

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Objective To investigate the vitamin A (VA)nutritional status of children aged 7-12 in poor rural area of Gansu Province, to evaluate the effect of VA nutrition intervention.Methods 396 children aged 7-12 years were investigated for diet and serum VA. The treatment group consumed cookies intervention and control group kept normal diet, six months later the serum VA were detected again.Results The dietary and serum VA level before intervention were 328.45 μgRE and 433.19 μg/L, respectively. The VA deficiencies was 4.29% and the margin of the VA was 12.37%. After six months of intervention, serum VA levels in the intervention group were (44.03±6.48) μg/L, while those in the control group were (6.65±4.34) μg/L. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (t=56.451, P<0.001); After intervention, the serum VA deficiency rate was 1.06% in the intervention group and 3.54% in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (χ²=1.610, P=0.204). The serum VA marginal deficiency rate was 3.53% in the intervention group and 9.73% in the control group. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(χ²=6.183, P=0.013).Conclusions A school-aged child in a rural area of Gansu Province is in a mild deficiency of VA. VA fortified biscuits supplement can obviously improve the VA nutrition status of children with VA deficiency. This may become a new and hopeful way to resolve the VA deficiency problem.

The situation and influencing factors of breastfeeding in Zhoushan from 2002 to 2015

WU Jin-hua, SHAO Bu-le, HUANG Man-xian, GU Lei-jun, LI Min-chao, JIANG Shu-ying, MO Min-jia, XIAMUSIYE Muyiduli, WANG Shuo-jia, JIANG Wen, YU Yun-xian

2018, 22(5): 485-489,525. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.013

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Objective To describe the breastfeeding rate in Zhoushan from 2002 to 2015, and explore potential factors that might have influence on breastfeeding.Methods Data were extracted from the Electronic Medical Record System of Zhoushan Maternal and Child Care Hospital from 2002 to 2015. Logistic regression model was performed to analyze the associations between breastfeeding and various factors.Results Breastfeeding rate in the first, third or sixth month postpartum showed a declined trend prior to 2011, after that, showed a moderate increment on breastfeeding rate. After adjustment for follow-up year and corresponding variables, mothers from urban areas had higher breastfeeding rate in the first, third and ninth month postpartum than those from rural areas. Mothers with higher educational level had higher breastfeeding rate in the first and third month postpartum, but had lower rate in the ninth month than those with educational level under junior school. Mothers of mental workers had higher breastfeeding rate in the sixth, ninth and twelfth month than those did physical work. Macrosomia had higher breastfeeding rate in the sixth and ninth month than those with normal birth weight. Cesarean, preterm, low birth weight, primiparas, and puerperae under 25 or above 30 years old were risk factors for breastfeeding. Children born in winter or spring had lower breastfeeding rate in the first, third and sixth month compared with those born in summer or fall. Gender of fetus generally showed no influence on breastfeeding rate except in the third month, with female infants had a slightly higher breastfeeding rate.Conclusions Mothers from urban areas, mothers of mental workers, and macrosomia were protective factors of breastfeeding. Higher maternal educational level was a protective factor in the first and third month, but turned into a risk factor in the ninth month. Cesarean, preterm, low birth weight, primiparas, and puerperae who under 25 or above 30 years old, children born in winter or spring were risk factors for breastfeeding.

Survey on knowledge, attitude, belief and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers of infants aged below 6 months in Shanghai

LI Wen-xian, DU Li, HU Shu-yi, ZHU Li-ping

2018, 22(5): 490-493. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.014

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Objective To investigate the knowledge, attitude, belief and practice (KABP) of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers with infants less than 6 months of age in Shanghai City.Methods A total of 5 672 mothers of infants aged below 6 months throughout Shanghai were recruited to take the questionnaire investigations, excluding artificial-feeding ones.Results The exclusive breastfeeding rate in mothers with infants less than 6 months of age was 51.34%. There were significant differences in the concerns of "food of normal babies aged below 6 months" (χ²=10.02, P=0.002) and "knowledge towards formula" (χ²=21.30, P<0.001), the confidence in exclusive breastfeeding(χ²=544.57, P<0.001), the breastfeeding pattern (χ²=164.97, P<0.001) and the method of maintaining lactation(χ²=479.33, P<0.001). 56.11% of the mothers were willing to receive support on breastfeeding through breast feeding clinics.Conclusions The feeding concern, attitude and practice in the exclusive breastfeeding group is more positively. To improve the rate of exclusive breastfeeding, professional and effective health education is needed.

Analysis on prevalence and risk factors of impaired glucose regulation and diabetes mellitus among adult inhabitants in Jiangxi Province

CHENG Leng-mei, ZHU Li-ping, YAN Wei, CHEN Yi-ying, LIU Jie, JI Lu, XU Yan, HE Jun-rong

2018, 22(5): 494-498. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.015

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Objective To explore the prevalence and risk factors of impaired glucose regulation (IGR) and diabetes mellitus (DM) among adult residents in Jiangxi Province.Methods A total of 5 904 adult residents from 10 disease surveillance points were selected by multistage stratified cluster random sampling methods. Personal characteristics, blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipids were collected by questionnaires, physical examinations and laboratory tests.Results The standardized prevalence rates of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), IGR and DM were 4.41%, 7.42%, 11.81% and 6.69%, respectively. The findings suggested that there was an upward trend in the prevalence rates of IFG, IGT, IGR and DM as age increased. The increase of age, overweight or obesity, hazardous drinking, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were risk factors of IGR (all P<0.05). The increase of age, overweight or obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low HDL-C and hypertension were risk factors of DM (all P<0.05).Conclusions The prevalence rates of IFG, IGT, IGR and DM were high among adult residents in Jiangxi Province. We should strengthen intervention in controllable risk factors, actively respond to the IGR population and reduce the incidence of DM.

Evaluation of the role of cystatin C in predicting coronary lesions and their severity in type 2 diabetic patients

CHENG Cheng, XU Bang-long, GAO Feng, LIN Xian-he, LIU Rong-yu

2018, 22(5): 499-503. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.016

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Objective To evaluate the role of cystatin C in predicting coronary artery disease (CAD) and their severity in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.Methods Totally 199 T2DM patients who suspected of CAD were enrolled, and underwent coronary angiography. The condition of inpatients (non-CAD, stable angina pectoris (SAP), and unstable angina pectoris (UAP)), acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and Gensini scores were measured to evaluate the severity of CAD and coronary lesions, respectively. Multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate the prediction value of cystatin C as a biomarker.Results Cystatin C levels were significantly elevated in the AMI group, as with in the Gensini score >50 group. Levels were positively correlated with the severity of CAD (r=0.172, P=0.002) and Gensini score (r=0.177, P=0.002). However, contrast to glycosylated hemoglobin,using multivariate analysis, cystatin C was not an independent predictor of CAD severity and vascular lesions in patients with T2DM (all P>0.05).Conclusion Cystatin C is a less sensitive predictor of CAD than HbA1c. However, it appears to correlate with CAD in T2DM patients.

Meta-analysis of the association between SNPs in TCF7L2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in China

YANG Man, WANG Qing, HONG Xiang, LIAN Da-shuai, YIN Yue-qi, WU Nan-nan, WANG Bei

2018, 22(5): 504-509. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.017

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Objective To investigate the association between polymorphism of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene and incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Chinese population.Methods The study on the polymorphism of TCF7L2 and T2DM were retrieved from PubMed, Web of science, Chinese journal full-text database, Wanfang digital journal full-text database and other databases. The search time was until July 2017.The quality of the selected articles was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) quality evaluation table and stata 12.0 software was used to conduct the meta analysis. The association of genotype, allele with type 2 diabetes was analyzed respectively using OR value as a combination effect index. I² was calculated in order to quantitatively analyze the heterogeneity among the studies. Subgroup analysis was used in order to explore sources of heterogeneity. Sensitivity evaluation, Begg's Test and Egger's Test was used to assess the stability and the publication bias of the results.Results A total of 41 articles were screened(with 16 981 cases of T2DM and 27 334 healthy subjects). The analysis showed that the frequency of CC/CT genotype frequency (OR=1.398, 95% CI:1.072-1.822) or C allele frequency (OR=1.270, 95% CI:1.147-1.407) of rs7901695, the frequency of AA/GA genotypes (OR=1.275, 95% CI:1.126-1.443)or A allele (OR=1.249, 95% CI:1.120-1.393) of rs12255372, and the frequency of TT/CT genotype (OR=1.747, 95% CI:1.364-2.238) or T allele (OR=1.719, 95% CI:1.366-2.164) of rs7903146 had significant difference between the T2DM group and the control group (all P<0.05).Conclusions The findings revealed that the Chinese population with TCF7L2 rs7901695, rs12255372 and rs7903146 gene polymorphism may be susceptible to T2DM.

A systematic review and Meta-analysis on the relationship between microRNAs and prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

LI Lu, DONG Xiao-qiang, LI Yan-yan, GUO Jian-quan, QIAO Zeng-jie, WANG Tong

2018, 22(5): 510-517. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.018

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Objective To comprehensively analyze the prognostic value of different microRNAs (miRs) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL).Methods A computerized retrieval was carried out by using Wanfang data,VIP databases,CNKI, PubMed and Embase databases to collect the relevant literatures published from January 2007 to July 2007.By screening, Meta-analysis was performed with Stata 12.0 software.Results Thirty literatures comprised 2 574 cases were included. Comprehensive analysis revealed that decreased expression of miR-21 was associated with shorter relapse-free survival(RFS)in DLBCL(HR=0.61,95% CI:0.40-0.94, P=0.024). Increased expression of miR-155 was associated with shorter progression-free survival(PFS)(HR=2.50,95% CI:1.54-4.06, P<0.001). Increased expression of miR-222 was associated with shorter PFS(HR=2.33,95% CI:1.53-3.57, P<0.001).Conclusions According to the results, it can be concluded that miRs especially miR-21,miR-155 and miR-222 are valuable prognostic predictors in DLBCL of recurrence free survival and progression free survival period.

Prevention strategies of non-communicable diseases based on hypertension hot words from internet

HU Shi-qi, GE San-yu, XIE Dong-dong, MAO Zong-fu, JI Dong-hong, LIANG Xiao-hui

2018, 22(5): 518-521. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.019

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Objective Based on the public opinions from internet big data about hypertension, the aim of this study was to analyze public focus and attention in order to provide evidence for the prevention strategies and propagate education of chronic non-communicable diseases in China.Methods The Global Health Information Platform was created by using web crawler and deep mining technology, which collected public opinions from more than 15 000 news media and social media websites. Public opinions about hypertension from Jan 1st 2016 to Dec 31st 2016 were collected by the platform. Bibliometric method, TF-IDF method and content analysis methods were used to analyze the hot topics of hypertension.Results The number of effective index on hypertension was 2 611 251. The public attention level was related to the season, major events, the level of regional economic development and other related factors. The content of public opinions about hypertension mainly focused on diet, nutrition, hypertension related diseases, medical treatment and other aspects. The risk factors of chronic, non-communicable diseases proposed by World Health Organization (WHO), like smoking, alcoholism, etc. were not in the top 60 hot words list.Conclusions The public opinions on internet indicates that the prevention education on hypertension is not sufficient. It is suggested that the primary prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases should be emphasized in the future. Effectively using the network data to improve all citizens' health literacy is of great significance to China's health development and prevention of non-communicable diseases.

Investigation on the carriage of Zika Virus, Dengue Virus and Rabies Virus in bats in Guangdong Province

CHENG Ming-ji, XIONG Yi-quan, ZHU Na-ling, CHEN Xue-jiao, HE Wen-qiao, WEN Yu-qi, MO Yun, CHEN Yan-xia, CHEN Qing

2018, 22(5): 522-525. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.020

Abstract(453)

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Objective To investigate the prevalence of Zika virus, Dengue virus and Rabies virus in bats in Guangdong Province.Methods The Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR), Nested polymerase chain reaction(Nested PCR), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and cell culture were used to detect the three viruses in serum and brain tissue samples obtained from the bats from January 2014 to December 2016.Results There were 174 serums and brain tissues of the bats from two families and three species, including 33 Cynopterus sphinx belonging to Pteropodidae, 132 Scotophiluskuhlii and 9 Pipistrellusabramus belonging to Vespertilionidae. One brain sample was tested positive for dengue virus in Cynopterussphinx, the positive rate was 0.06% (1/174), while zika virus and rabies virus were not detected.Conclusion The three species of bats from Guangzhou are less likely to be the reservoir of zika virus, dengue virus and rabies virus.

Epidemiological analysis of pesticide poisoning in Wuhan from 2006 to 2016

GUO Dong-mei, YI Gui-lin, CHEN Zhen-long, ZHANG Cheng, FU Wen-juan

2018, 22(5): 526-528,537. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.021

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Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of pesticide poisoning cases in Wuhan, and to provide strategies for the prevention and control of pesticide poisoning.Methods The data of pesticide poisoning in Wuhan from 2006 to 2016 were collected and analyzed by Prism6 software.Results There were total 5 156 pesticide poisoning cases from 2006 to 2016 in Wuhan, occupational poisoning accounted for 39.43% and non-occupational poisoning accounted for 60.57%. Insecticide was the main type, accounting for 65.83%, and most of the insecticide was organophosphorus insecticide (71.57%). The incidence rate of occupational poisoning decreased and a flat trend in the incidence rate was observed in the last three years. By contrast, a trend with small amplitude fluctuation was observed in the incidence rate of non-occupational poisoning. Of total cases, men accounted for 49.40%, while female accounted for 50.60%, the difference was statistically significant (χ²=4.709,P<0.001). The total cases most commonly occurred in the age group of 40-years old (24.26%). Pesticide poisoning peaked at July and August (33.86%). The total cases were mainly found in far districts from the city,accounted for 86.87%.Conclusions Pesticide poisonings mainly occur in suburban areas. Insecticide poisoning is the most common pesticide poisoning. The non-occupational poisoning threat to the safety of people, especially to the middle-aged women, effective measures for the prevention and treatment of pesticide poisoning should be taken as soon as possible.

The status of awareness,treatment and control of hypertension in adult population in Sangzhu Zi District Shigatse

ZHANG Gao-hui, BASANG Pian-duo, BASANG Nuo-bu, QUSANG Pan-duo, HU Jun, JINMEI Zha-ba

2018, 22(5): 529-531. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.022

Abstract(256)

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Alterations of the human gut microbiome in the spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

WEI Yuan-yuan, HU Li-fen, LI Jia-bin

2018, 22(5): 532-534. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.023

Abstract(200)

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A sampling survey for the prevalence of anti HEV-IgG in the students of high schools and secondary vocational schools in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

HUANG Si-mei, HUANG Hui-sen, MENG Ming-lü, XIONG Guo-lin, TAN Yi, JIANG Jin-tai, LIU-Shun, XIE Zhi-chun

2018, 22(5): 535-537. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.024

Abstract(266)

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Prevalence of hypertension among 1 295 students in a middle school in Wuhu City and its relationship with mental health and lifestyle

CHEN Yan, YAO Ying-shui, WANG Quan-hai, ZHU Li-jun, JIN Yue-long, NIE Zhong-hua

2018, 22(5): 538-539. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.05.025

Abstract(269)

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2018, 22(5): 540-540.

Abstract(315)

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2018, 22(5): 541-541.

Abstract(151)

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Editor

Editor-in-Chief Ye Dongqing M.D.

Assistant editor Fan Yinguang M.D.

Assistant editor Pan Haifeng M.D.

Assistant editor