中华疾病控制杂志

Research progress on multi-omics integrative analysis methods

SHEN Si-peng, ZHANG Ru-yang, WEI Yong-yue, CHEN Feng

2018, 22(8): 763-765,771. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.001

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Complex diseases are commonly caused by multi-omics functions including environmental and genetic factors. Thus, it is essential to perform comprehensive analysis taking different levels of molecular information together. Integrative analysis of multi-omics data helps improving statistical power of identifying novel disease associated features and prediction accuracy for risk and prognosis. We summarized statistical methods for integrative analysis of multi-omics data in this paper.

The relationship between helicobacter pylori infection and adverse prognosis of acute ischemic stroke: a cohort study

GAO Ya, HUANG Ping, ZHANG Pei-pei, GUO Yu-mei, LÜ Li-ying, ZHOU Mo, LONG Zhen-hai, ZHANG Yong-hong, XU Tan

2018, 22(8): 766-771. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.002

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Objective To examine the association between helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and the adverse prognosis at 1 year after onset of acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods From June 2011 to December 2013, first onset cases of AIS were collected from 14 hospitals in 7 provinces of China to establish research cohort. The venous blood sample of patients was taken to do HP-IgG content test within 24 hours after admission. The follow-up was conducted at 1 year after the onset of AIS, and the adverse prognosis outcome information was investigated and collected. Cox regression models were applied to estimate the association between different quartile levels of HP-IgG and different prognosis outcomes. Results A total of 1 150 AIS cases was conducted in the study. The M(P₂₅,P₇₅) of venous HP-IgG was 10.14(7.39,15.05) ng/L. Within 1 year after AIS onset, the incidence of all-cause death, cardiovascular events cardiovascular death and death or cardiovascular events was 4.83%, 7.90%, 3.72%and 11.43%, respectively. After adjustment for multiple factors, Cox regression model showed that the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death increased in G4 group compared to the G1 group, and the HR(95% CI) was 3.43(1.26-9.36) and 5.45(1.57-18.90), respectively; The risk of death or cardiovascular events increased in G2, G3 and G4 group compared to G1 group, and the HR(95% CI) was 1.84(1.02-3.34), 2.00(1.12-3.56) and 1.97(1.10-3.55), respectively; the 1 year risks of mortality and death or cardiovascular events were both increased with the level elevated in quartile groups, and the test of tendency was statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions HP infection is the risk factor of AIS adverse prognosis. High HP-IgG level can increase the risk of mortality, cardiovascular death and death or cardiovascular event within 1 year after AIS onset.

Association between genetic polymorphisms in Nogo gene and the susceptibility of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a case-control study

WANG Rong, QIN Hai-mei, PANG Xiao-xia, YANG Feng-lian, WEI Yu-xia, ZHANG Ting, WEI Ye-sheng, WANG Jun-li

2018, 22(8): 772-775,794. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.003

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Objective To investigate the association of the genetic polymorphisms rs2255393 and rs968998 in Nogo gene with the susceptibility of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods SNaPshot and DNA sequencing were used to screen the genotypes of rs2255393 and rs968998 in 276 NPC patients and 276 healthy volunteers. The comparison of distribution differences of genotype and allele frequencies was performed using statistical methods in disease and control groups. Results The difference of genotype and allele frequencies in rs968998 between NPC patients and controls had no statistical significance (all P>0.05). However, the difference between TT genotype (OR=0.58, 95% CI:0.34-0.97, P=0.039) and dominant model (AA+TA) of rs2255393 (OR=0.62, 95% CI:0.44-0.87, P=0.006) was statistically significant in NPC patients and controls. Moreover, The frequencies of its T allele in NPC patients was lower than those in controls, and the distribution difference was statistically significant (OR=0.72, 95% CI:0.56-0.92, P=0.009). There was no statistically significant difference between rs2255393 polymorphism and NPC pathological features (clinical staging, lymphatic metastasis and distant metastasis) (all P>0.05). Conclusions The genetic polymorphism rs2255393 of Nogo gene is associated with the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, but is not correlated with clinical tumor staging.

Blood pressure variability within the first 24 hours after admission and discharge outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients with large-artery atherosclerosis

ZHANG Yu, TANG Ying, WANG Hong, WANG Ping, LI Xin-yan, ZHAO Jing-bo

2018, 22(8): 776-780. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.004

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Objective To analyze the relationship between blood pressure variability within the first 24 hours after admission and discharge outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients with large-artery atherosclerosis. Methods First 24-hour blood pressure was monitored from April 2016 to March 2016 in patients after admission. Modified rankin scale scores ≥ 3 was considered poor discharge outcome. Standard deviation presented blood pressure variability, patients were divided into groups according to critical values of standard deviation of blood pressure variability. The relationship between blood pressure vriability and discharge outcome was analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 320 patients were included. Patients with greater systolic blood pressure variability had high risk of poor discharge outcome, the standard deviation (SD) ≥ 14 in systolic blood pressure (SBP) was associated with discharge outcome, adjusted OR(95% CI) was 1.808(1.059-3.087), the SD ≥ 15 in SBP was associated with discharge outcome, adjusted OR(95% CI) was 1.682(1.003-2.819). There was no relation between diastolic blood pressure variability within 24 hours after admission and discharge outcome, the SD ≥ 10 in DBP was not associated with discharge outcome, adjusted OR(95% CI) was 1.273(0.757-2.139), the SD ≥ 11 in DBP also was not associated with discharge outcome, adjusted OR(95% CI) was 1.439(0.857-2.418). Conclusions Systolic blood pressure variability within the first 24 hours after admission was associated with poor discharge outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients with large-artery atherosclerosis.

Family support of diabetic patients and its impact on physical activity

LIU Sheng-lan, NA He-ya, ZHANG Xin, WANG Meng-nan, LI Wei-hao, CHANG Chun

2018, 22(8): 781-785. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.005

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Objective To investigate the relationship between family support and physical activity and motor-related self-efficacy in diabetic patients, and to explore scientific family support interventions. Methods Convenience sampling method was used and a total of 607 valid questionnaires were collected from the diabetic patients, who were managed in the community health service center in two urban districts in Beijing. The questionnaire was designed based on scales with acceptable reliability and validity. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of regular exercise. Results Patients with higher family support had higher exercise-related knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy than those in the lower group. The higher the frequency of family members' encouragement of patients to exercise, the higher the proportion of patients persisting in exercise (χ_trend²=6.326, P=0.042), and the higher knowledge, skills and self-efficacy score (all P<0.05). The higher the frequency of family members to accompany the patient to exercise, the higher the proportion of patients persisting in exercise (χ_trend²=8.103, P=0.017). Exercise-related knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy score were consistent with this finding (all P<0.05). The frequency of criticism of patients without regular exercise was not related to whether they insisted on exercise (χ_trend²=3.904, P=0.142). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of exercise behavior were knowledge and self-efficacy (all P<0.05). Conclusions Family support play a positive role in the physical activity, knowledge, skills and self-efficacy of diabetic patients. Encouragement and companion, instead of post criticism, are more effective methods to provide support.

The interaction of smoking and alcohol consumption on GGT in Han men aged 20-80 years in Gansu Province

REN Hui-ru, PAN Li, REN Xiao-lan, ZHANG Jia, ZHAO Hong-jun, WANG Xiao-yang, CHANG Li-jun, TUO Ya, XI Jin-en, LIU Bin, WANG Ye, YU Cheng-dong, SHAN Guang-liang

2018, 22(8): 786-789. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.006

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Objective To study the interaction of smoking and alcohol consumption on gamma-glutamyltransferase(GGT) in Han men aged 20-80 years in Gansu Province. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016, the Han men aged 20-80 years resident in Gansu Province were selected by using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method. Questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory testing were conducted. Stratified analysis and general linear model were used to analyze the interaction of smoking and alcohol consumption on GGT. Results For 1 646 male subjects in Gansu, the age-standardized prevalence rates of current smoking in urban and rural areas were 50.6% and 49.2% respectively. The age-standardized prevalence rates of current alcohol consumption in urban and rural areas were 80.3% and 74.5% respectively. There was interaction effect of smoking and alcohol consumption on GGT (P=0.042). In non-smokers, alcohol consumption had no effect on GGT. In former smokers, the group who drink ≥ 61 g/d had an increased GGT of 29.2(5.2-53.1) U/L compared with no alcohol consumption group. In current smokers who smoke 1-cigarettes per day, the group who drink ≥ 61 g/d had an increased GGT of 29.9(3.3-56.6) U/L compared with no alcohol consumption group. In current smokers who smoke 11-cigarettes per day, the group who drink ≥ 61 g/d had an increased GGT of 25.9(1.6-50.2) U/L compared with no alcohol consumption group. In current smokers who smoke ≥ 21 cigarettes per day, the group who drink ≥ 61 g/d had an increased GGT of 86.8(12.9-160.7) U/L compared with no alcohol consumption group. Conclusions There is interaction effect between smoking and alcohol consumption on GGT, and intervention measures such as tobacco control and alcohol limitation should be implemented at the same time.

Study on serum uric as an additional component for screening the metabolic syndrome in adult

LIN Shao-kai, HUANG Zheng, LAI Shan-rong

2018, 22(8): 790-794. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.007

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Objective To evaluate the diagnostic ability of serum uric acid in identifying metabolic syndrome, and analyze the effects of serum uric acid on metabolic syndrome in Fujian residents. Methods Physical and biomedical data of 6 134 residents randomly selected from 10 counties/districts in Fujian province were collected for the analysis of the screening ability and the influence of serum uric acid on metabolic syndrome. Results The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in male and female populations in Fujian were 19.00% and 12.70%, respectively. The residents consisted with more metabolic syndrome subjects had higher serum uric acid levels.The critical value of serum uric acid for screening metabolic syndrome in the male residents was 412.95 μmol/L, The area under curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive prediction value(PPV), nagative prediction value(NPV) of receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was 0.635,51.02%,59.74%,28.34%and 85.86%, respectively. In the female population, AUC of ROC was 0.674 for SUA above 310.30 μmol/L, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV was 63.33%, 63.04%,19.35%and 92.20%, respectively. After adjustment by age and place of residence the risk of metabolic syndrome in male and female high serum uric acid groups was 2.571(2.116-3.124)and 2.806(2.249-3.502)times higher than those in the low serum uric acid groups. Conclusions Using serum uric acid for diagnosing metabolic syndrome has certain clinical significance and high serum uric acid is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome.

The burden of cancers in Jiangxi Province, 2010 and 2015

XU Gang, YANG Jing, CHEN Ying, LI Guo-qun, LIU Jie, LIU Shi-wei, WANG Ping, HUANG Jiu-ling

2018, 22(8): 795-798,803. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.008

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Objective To analyze and compare the burden of cancers in Jiangxi Province, 2010 and 2015. Methods We selected the data of cancers in Jiangxi Province from the global burden of disease 2015 in China which included incidence, death, years of life lost (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD), and disability adjusted of life years (DALY). Then the standardized incidence rate, mortality rate, YLL rate, YLD rate and DALY rate were calculated with the 2010 national census data to assess the trend of cancers in Jiangxi Province. Results The incidence, death, YLL, YLD and DALY of cancers in Jiangxi Province in 2015 were higher than that of 2010, and males were higher than females. However, the corresponding standardized incidence rate, mortality rate and DALY rate decreased by 3.25%, 8.42% and 8.64% when compared with that in 2010. In 2010 and 2015, the proportion of YLL/DALY were 97.78% and 97.58%, and the standardized DALY rate of people aged 50 and over accounted for 88.19% and 88.14% of the total. Besides, the top five standardized DALY rate of cancers both were lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and leukemia in 2010 and 2015. Conclusions The burden of cancers in Jiangxi Province in 2015 decreased when compared with that in 2010, but it remained at high levels. Prevention and control should be given in priority to lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and leukemia in males and people aged 50 and over.

Study on the relationship between social support and health education services utilization among uban elderly

LI Wei-hao, SHEN Yang, WANG Fang, ZHU He, LIU Sheng-lan, NA He-ya, WANG Meng-nan, CHANG Chun

2018, 22(8): 799-803. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.009

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Objective To examine the relationship between social support and health education services utilization among urban elderly. Methods A total of 1 530 old people aged 65 and over were selected in Dongcheng District, Beijing by two-stage random sampling method, A questionnaire survey was conducted and the relationship between their social support and health education services utilization was explored by the aid of The behavioral model of health services use(BMHSU). Results A total of 61.9% of the subjects took up the health education services. The median, lower and upper quartile of social support scale(SSRS) score were 35.00 and 31.00 to 40.00. Higher social support was related to higher health education services utilization rate among old people (χ² Trend Test Z=-6.74, P<0.001). The ordinal Logistic model indicated that higher social support was a positive factor in terms of utilizing health education services by the elderly. Adjusted for other factors in BMHSU, compared to those whose social support score was in the lowest quartile, the ORs of often utilizing health education services for the other three groups of old people (from lower scores to higher scores) were 1.65(P=0.001), 1.99(P<0.001), 2.72(P<0.001), respectively. After changing social support for its three dimensions, a second ordinal Logistic model indicated that both objective support and use of social support were positively related to often health education services utilization among the elderly. Conclusions Social support has a significant effect on health education services utilization among urban elderly and thus intervention in social support especially in objective support and use of social support has great potential to improve the utilization rate.

Prevalence and influencing factors of overweight and obesity among middle-aged and elderly people in China

SONG Meng-na, CHENG Xiao, KONG Jing-xia, WANG Hong-mei

2018, 22(8): 804-808. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.010

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Objective To investigate the prevalence and factors influencing overweight, obesity and central obesity in middle-aged and elderly people in China, and put forward reasonable weight control measures. Methods Survey data of 2011, 2013 and 2015 from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were collected. Chi square test was used to compare the difference of overweight and obesity among middle-aged and elderly people and to analyze the trend of overweight, obesity and central obesity. Based on the data of 2015, factors influencing overweight and obesity were analyzed by chi square test and multiple Logistic regression models. Results Women and middle-aged people were more likely to be overweight or obese than men and the elderly. The prevalence of overweight, obesity and central obesity in middle-aged and elderly people was increasing. The overweight rate increased from 29.2% in 2011 to 33.2% in 2015, the rate of obesity increased from 11.5% to 13.0%, and the rate of central obesity increased from 58.3% to 63.9%. Intense exercise frequency, indoor activity and smoking had an effect on overweight and obesity in middle-aged people (all P<0.05), while nap time, intense exercise frequency, indoor activity, outdoor activity and smoking had an effect on overweight and obesity in elderly people (all P<0.05). Conclusions Overweight and obesity among middle-aged and elderly people are becoming serious public concerns in China, and the relevant factors of overweight and obesity in middle-aged and elderly people are not the same. It is necessary to take specific weight interventions for people of different ages to improve their health status effectively.

Study on the relationship between dairy intake and overweight/obesity among school-age children

LIU Yan, ZHAO Ai, WANG Pei-yu, ZHANG Yu-mei

2018, 22(8): 809-812. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.011

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Objective To explore the dairy intake and its relationship with overweight and obesity in school-age children in China. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 742 school-age children from eight areas of China chosen by multi-stage cluster sampling. Multiple linear regression and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to assess associations mentioned above. Results The rates of overweight and obesity of school-age children were 16.5% and 9.0%, respectively. The total percentage of dairy consumers was 84.4%. Among all consumers, the proportion of yogurt consumers (71.0%) was much higher than that of whole milk consumers (58.6%) and lowfat or skim milk consumers (18.9%). Total milk intake levels and whole milk intake levels were positively associated with body mass index for age Z-score (BAZ) (all P<0.05). Conclusions There are positive associations between total milk intake levels, whole milk intake levels and BAZ. It is suggested that school-age children should increase the intake ratio of lowfat or skim milk and yogurt appropriately.

The epidemiological features of injury reported by hospital 0-14 children in Tianjin 2014

WANG Zhuo, WANG De-zheng, ZHANG Ying, ZHENG Wen-long, JIANG Guo-hong

2018, 22(8): 813-816,821. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.012

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Objective To understand the current situation and epidemiological features of children injury aged 0-14 reported by hospital in Tianjin. Methods Data was collected from the Injury Case Surveillance System which covered all over Tianjin. Data on the first cases of injuries reported by 241 sentinel hospitals from January to December 2014 was collected. Results A total of 34 297 cases of injuries were reported among children aged from 0-14 years old. The incidence rate was 2 710.06(/100 000). The incidence rate of male was 3 319.66(/100 000) and female was 2 032.29(/100 000)(χ²=1 983.329, P<0.001). The incidence rate of 0-years was 2 613.42(/100 000),5-years was 2 780.43(/100 000), 10-14 years was 2 757.61(/100 000) (χ²=28.242, P<0.001). Injuries occured most at home (47.92%), the most injury part was head & face (9 787, 28.5%), followed by wrist & hands (8 009, 23.4%). 76.3% was mild injury. Among the 24 injuries, the top five were:fall down 42.44% (incidence rate 1 150.10/100 000), animal injury 20.63% (incidence rate 559.13/100 000), traffic injury including non-motor vehicle and motor vehicle 9.16%, crushing 5.58% (incidence 151.24/100 000), blunt force injury 4.06% (incidence rate 109.99/100 000). The injuries occurred in May (10.05%) and in September (9.90%). The highest quarter was the second quarter (29.23%). And different types of injuries were distributed differently over the year. Conclusions Child injury prevention should be more focused on boys aged 5-years, especially in May and September. Publicity on falls, animal injuries and traffic accidents should be particularly strengthened.

The influence of using propensity score matching method to analyze data on the effect evaluation of interventions in the parallel-group controlled trial

DONG Wei, ZHOU Chu, WU Zun-you, JIA Man-hong, WANG Jue, ZHOU Yue-jiao, CHEN Xi, ZHENG Jun, ROU Ke-ming

2018, 22(8): 817-821. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.013

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Objective To explore the influence on the intervention effect evaluation when applying propensity score matching (PSM) to process the cross-sectional survey data in the parallel-group controlled trial. Methods Data collected from the study of "intervention study on STD/AIDS infection reduction of low-fee female sex workers (FSWs)", a sub-project of a 12th five-year national science and technology major projects, were used as an example. PSM method was applied to match the two cross-sectional surveys data of low-fee FSWs before and after the intervention. The Chi-square test of outcome variables was carried out for the matched samples and the generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was fitted. The influence of PSM on evaluation results was discussed. Results The sample size was 537 after PSM when using the key characteristic variables with significant difference as the matching factors. The two populations before and after intervention were completely comparable. The results of the GLMM analysis showed that intervention was the major factor for the reduction of syphilis infection. Compared with the OR value (0.51) obtained from the original data, the OR value (0.33) was 0.18 lower when using the data processed by PSM to fit the model. The confidence interval obtained from PSM data was (0.16-0.70), also narrower than original results (0.27-0.96), and farther from the number of 1. The results showed that PSM improved the accuracy of the evaluation and increased the syphilis infection reduction rate caused by intervention from 49% to 67%. Conclusions When applied in the series cross-sectional survey of parallel-group controlled trial,PSM method can effectively improve the comparability of different study populations and reduce the influence of population difference on effect evaluation, so as to improve the accuracy of the research results.

Qualitative study of factors associated with antiretroviral therapy drop-out among HIV-infected patients in Wenshan prefecture, Yunnan Province

HU Xiao-song, ZHAO Yan, WU Zun-you

2018, 22(8): 822-825. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.014

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Objective To assess factors associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) drop-out among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in Wenshan prefecture, Yunnan Province. Methods Patients who discontinued ART, family members of patients who discontinued ART, and ART providers were recruited by purposive sampling from 3 ART clinics in Wenshan and Maguan counties according to the principle of maximum difference of subjects and sample size was determined by saturation, face to face in-depth interview was used to explore factors associated with ART drop-out on personal level, family level and clinic level. Results After an in-depth interview of 43 patients who discontinued ART, aged (47.8±15.6) years, and 7 family members of patients who discontinued ART and 11 ART providers, we found that side effect, lack of cognition about ART, fear of exposure, stigma, psychological burden about ART, opting for alternative treatment were influential factors for personal level associated with ART drop-out; support from family, accessibility of ART and service in ART clinic were exterior factors influencing ART drop-out. Conclusions Factors for ART drop-out among HIV-infected patients in Wenshan prefecture are multifaceted, thus, comprehensive intervention strategies on personal, family and clinic levels should be taken to reduce ART drop-out.

Effect of prevention and control and epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis in Jiangsu Province from 2008 to 2017

SUN Xiang, LIU Yuan-bao, XU Yan, WANG Zhi-guo, TANG Fen-yang

2018, 22(8): 826-829. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.015

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Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis(JE)in Jiangsu Province from 2008 to 2017, and to provide scientific basis for JE prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted based on data of JE collected from national disease reporting information system from 2008 to 2017. JE IgM antibody of the cases was tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results A total of 269 JE cases were reported in Jiangsu from 2008 to 2017, with an average incidence rate of 0.034/100 000. The incidence of JE showed a steady downward trend(χ_trend²=104.47, P<0.001). Most of the cases were reported from July to September and the peak occurred in August. Cases were distributed mainly in Suqian, Lianyungang, Suzhou, Huaian and Xuzhou Cities. The ratio of male to female was 1:0.72. JE mainly occurred in children aged 10 years old and younger(80.67%), among which most were scattered children. A total of 362 JE cases were positively detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assary (ELISA), accounting for 78.35% of all cases received in our laboratory. Most of cases were unknown and no vaccination, while 42.75% were vaccinated. After a series of prevention and control measures, the incidence of JE has decreased significantly in recent years. Conclusions The incidence of JE in Jiangsu is lower than the national average incidence, the effect of vaccination of JE is remarkable, we should continue to do the work of the prevention and control of JE, and improve public awareness, education and anti-mosquito strategies.

A 1: 1 matched case-control study on risk factors of severe hand-foot-mouth disease in Hainan

CHEN Shao-ming, DU Zhong-hua, QIU Li, JIN Yu-ming, FENG Fang-li, CHEN Shao-zhu, LI Dan-dan

2018, 22(8): 830-832,858. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.016

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Objective To explore risk factors for severe hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Hainan and provide scientific basis for severe HFMD prevention and control. Methods Counties were stratified into three layers according to the proportion of severe HFMD. Two counties were selected in each layer. A total of 125 severe HFMD cases and 125 mild cases were investigated in 6 counties. A 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted to explore risk factors for severe HFMD. Results Univariate analysis showed that following factors were distributed differently between two groups:village/private clinic as first diagnosis hospital, not breastfed, infected with enteroviruses 71 (EV71), a peak body temperature>39℃, period from onset to diagnosis ≥ 2 days. Conclusions Strengthening etiology surveillance, releasing the early warning according the variation of EV71 proportion, advocating breastfeeding, prohibiting village/private clinic receiving fever children under 5 years old and strengthening training to improve the diagnosis level might contribute to decrease risk for severe HFMD.

Analysis on the detection results of case surveillance of febrile respiratory syndrome in Wuhan City from 2012 to 2015

LI Xiang, FANG Bin, YE Guo-jun, YU Xiao, LIU Lin-lin

2018, 22(8): 833-836. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.017

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Objective To analyze the viral pathogenic spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of febrile respiratory syndrome(FRS) in Wuhan City, so as to provide theoretical basis for prevention, control and clinical diagnosis and therapy of FRS. Methods The swabs specimens from 576 patients of FRS were collected from Mar 2012 to Feb 2015, and detected by using real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results A total of 576 specimens were tested, 248 specimens were positive for viral ncleic acid, and the positive rate was 43.1%. No statistically significant difference was found in the positive detection rate between males and females (χ²=0.371,P=0.542). Among the 248 positive specimens, 208 indicated for single infection and 40 indicated for mix infections. Among the detected respiratory viruses, adenovirus(AdV), rhinovirus(HRV) and influenza A virus(FluA) accounted for the large proportion profile, the rates were 19.4%, 17.3% and 14.1%, respectively. In different age groups, statistically significant differences were found in the infection rates of respiratory syncytial virus B, AdV, Bocavirus(BoV) and co-infection (all P<0.05), the age group of 2-was significantly different from others in the AdV infection and co-infection and the BoV infection was found only in the age group of <2. The different respriratory viruses were prevalent in different epidemic seasons. The detection rates of virus were significantly different in different seasons(χ²=17.427,P=0.001), the detection rate of virus was the lowest in the Spring. Conclusions AdV, HRV and FluA were important pathogens of FRS in Wuhan City, children under age of 5 were high risk population. The composition of pathogenic spectrum was different in different seasons, it was necessary to conduct further surveillance and more in-depth investigation targeted on prevention and control of the febrile respiratory illness caused by these respiratory viruses.

Study on risk factors influencing the surgical efficacy of primary angle-closure glaucoma patients

ZHU Jie, ZHENG Jie, WANG Yong

2018, 22(8): 837-839. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.018

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Objective To investigate the efficacy and its risk factors of surgery for primary angle-closure glaucoma patients. Methods A total of 225 eyes of primary angle-closure glaucoma patients were collected from July 2013 to October 2017 in our hospital for observation and analysis. Results Anterior chamber depth in primary angle-closure glaucoma affected the its surgical efficacy (χ_trend²=5.452,P=0.020). There was a statistically significant difference between the total success rate of scleral sclerectomy and trabeculectomyds (χ²=4.040,P=0.044). The surgical efficacy in patients of primary angle-closure glaucoma complicated with diabetes was reduced compared with patients without diabetes (χ²=4.080,P=0.043). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that two different surgical methods and shallow anterior chambers were risk factors influencing the surgical efficacy of primary angle-closure glaucoma patients. Conclusions Different surgical methods and shallow anterior chambers are risk factors influencing the surgical efficacy of primary angle-closure glaucoma.

The influence of comprehensive rehabilitation therapy on lung function and quality of life in adult patients with bronchial asthma

SONG Ting, DING Ping

2018, 22(8): 840-843. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.019

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Abstract:
Objective To exlpore the influence of comprehensive rehabilitation therapy on lung function and quality of life in adult patients with bronchial asthma. Methods A total of 116 cases patients with bronchial asthma were divided into two groups randomly. Patients in two groups were given conventional prevention, health education and nursing,on this basis,patients in the observation group were given the comprehensive rehabilitation therapy.The symptom integral day and night,asthma control test (ACT),bronchial asthma quality of life questionnaire (AQLQ) and lung function index:percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV₁%), and FEV₁/forced vital capacity (FVC) before and after intervention were collected. Results After intervention, the symptom integral of day and night within two groups were significantly lower than before, the ACT score were significantly higher than before the intervention (all P<0.05). AQLQ scores and each dimension score in the observation group were significantly higher after the intervention than before (all P<0.05), and all dimensions showed statistical significance (all P<0.05) except environmental stimulation score in the control group (t=1.206, P=0.233). The difference of FEV1/FVC between groups had a statistical significance (t=2.430, P=0.017). When comparing FEV1/FVC value within each group, the observation group showed statistical significance before and after the intervention (t=2.108, P=0.040). Conclusions Comprehensive rehabilitation therapy can help improve lung function and the quality of life in adult patients with bronchial asthma,and improve the quality of medical care services.

Study on the prevalence and associated risk factors related to HIV, syphilis, herpes simplex virus-2 among the men who have sex with men in Jinan City, Shandong Province

HAN Ying, PAN Jing, HAN Xiu-yun

2018, 22(8): 844-845. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.020

Abstract(424)

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Abstract:

Study on the epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Beijing from 2007 to 2016

SU Jian-ting, WANG Chao, GAO Yan-lin, WEI Zai-hua, LI Gang

2018, 22(8): 846-848. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.021

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Abstract:

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of non-type virus hepatitis in Xi'an City from 2004 to 2016

WANG Chun-juan, ZHANG Hui

2018, 22(8): 849-851. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.022

Abstract(386)

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Abstract:

Study on the predictive effect of ARIMA-NARNN hybrid model in the incidence of hepatitis C

LI Wen-han, PAN Jin-hua, FAN Jin, WU Peng, ZHANG Jie, QIU Li-xia, CHEN Li-min

2018, 22(8): 852-854. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.023

Abstract(481)

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Abstract:

Investigation and analysis of standardization management of type 2 diabetes in Urumqi

WEI Jun, LI Yu-kai, SU Yin-xia, ZHU Jun, WANG Shu-xia, LIU Jiang, ZHU Guang-ming, SUN Gao-feng, YAO Hua

2018, 22(8): 855-858. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.024

Abstract(491)

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Abstract:

Comprehensive evaluation of maternal health situation in China in 2015 by rank sum ratio method

ZHU Li-ling, MENG Fan-jun, DU Ning

2018, 22(8): 859-861. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.025

Abstract(374)

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Abstract:

An investigation of pesticide use and health status among farmers in some rural areas of Xinjiang

YANG Li, YANG Huan, FAN Yu-juan, LI Wei

2018, 22(8): 862-863,870. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.026

Abstract(420)

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Abstract:

An investigation and analysis of influencing factors of vascular calcification in hemodialysis patients

XIA Xue, WANG De-guang, HAO Li, XIAO Bei, CHEN Lei

2018, 22(8): 864-866. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.027

Abstract(280)

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Abstract:

The diagnostic value of gastrin-17 and four serum tumor markers for gastric cancer based on PCA-decision tree model

ZHANG Jing, WANG Gui-feng, LI Wan-ying, TANG Wen-jian

2018, 22(8): 867-870. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.028

Abstract(305)

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Abstract:

The pioneer of randomized clinical trials: Austin Bradord Hill

CHEN Xiao, WU Jun, YE Dong-qing

2018, 22(8): 871-873. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.08.029

Abstract(1010)

PDF(84)

Abstract:
Austin Bradford Hill (1897-1991), a famous English epidemiologist and statistician in the 20th century. He has formally established a randomized controlled method, set up several early research methods for randomized clinical trial, and together with Richard Doll, demonstrated the connection between cigarette smoking and lung cancer. Meanwhile, Hill is widely known for pioneering the "Bradford Hill" criteria for determining a causal association. His work not only promoted the development of epidemiology and statistics, but also promoted the progress of medicine.

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2018 Vol. 22, No. 8

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Editor

Editor-in-Chief Ye Dongqing M.D.

Assistant editor Fan Yinguang M.D.

Assistant editor Pan Haifeng M.D.

Assistant editor