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CN 34-1304/R ISSN 1674-3679

2020 Vol. 24, No. 6

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Analysis on research progress of COVID-19 from schools of public health in China
TONG Na, CHEN Ran, JIN Guang-fu, WANG Jian-ming, XIA Yan-kai, HU Zhi-bin, SHEN Hong-bing
2020, 24(6): 621-627. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.001
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  Objective   This study aimed to analyze the contribution of Chinese researchers, especially those in school of public health, to study advances of COVID-19.   Methods   Original research related to COVID-19 was systematically searched in PubMed database and China CNKI database up to 10 March 2020. Relevant information of institutions, authors, research topics and main results were extracted from included literature.   Results   A total of 278 original studies were conducted by researchers in China, including 229(82.4%) studies participated by universities and their affiliated institutions. We found that researchers from school of public health involved in 41 studies, 20(48.8%) of which focused on COVID-19 prediction model and 12 on epidemiological and clinical characteristics. Moreover, there were 6, 7 and 8 studies in collaboration with researchers from basic medicine, clinical medicine and CDC.   Conclusion   Researchers from universities of China have made important advances in researches on COVID-19, which contributed to the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic in China as well as the world. Researches in schools of public health should contribute more to the scientific research of COVID through multi-disciplinary cooperation.
Implications of coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic for data collection in preventing and controlling severe infectious diseases epidemics
HE Jie-yi, XIAO Wang-xin, YAN Jun-xia, DENG Jing, SHI Jing-cheng, LI Xing-li, FENG Xiang-ling, HUANG Yun, SHEN Min-xue, HU Guo-qing
2020, 24(6): 621-627. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.002
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Complete, accurate, timely and accessible data are crucial for the prevention and control of severe infectious disease epidemics. Based on the theory of public health emergency response, and the theory of infectious disease transmission, we systematically summarized the core information that the prevention and control of severe infectious disease epidemics needs and described current data collection situation of such information from three aspects(controlling the dissemination of the epidemic, treating hospitalized cases, and logistics). Four suggestions were proposed to address the major problems for data collection, consisting of : further improving the existing networks for the direct-reporting system for infectious disease and the public health emergency reporting system; standardizing the collection of all clinical diagnosis and treatment data in medical institutions as soon as possible; developing data collection standards, standard techniques of application platform, and management framework of the core information for the decision-making of prevention and control of severe infectious disease epidemics; and publicizing and sharing of data to improve its utilization as soon as possible.
Investigation and analysis on prevalence of COVID-19 related prejudice
ZHANG Yu-jie, LI Zhi-hao, YANG Yun-qing, WANG Zheng-he, LIU Dan, YANG Hai-lian, CAI Miao-chun, YANG Xing-fen, WU Xian-bo, LING Zhi-hai, MAO Chen
2020, 24(6): 632-637. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.003
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  Objective   To describe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)related prejudice and explore the associated factors.   Methods   A self-designed electronic questionnaire was used to describe the prejudice and Logistic regression analyses model was adopted to identify significant influencing factors on prejudice.   Results   On the issue of personnel in Hubei returning back, 67.2% of students believed that there was a prejudice. Among students who were not from Hubei, 7.0% of them were discriminatory against people who were from Hubei, 64.9% of them thought the prejudice was understandable but frus-trated because of fear of virus transmission, and 53.1% of them thought that the prejudice against diagnosed or suspected COVID-19 people was serious in society. Among students from Hubei, 22.3% of them felt about prejudice, and 59.7% of them believed that the prejudice was understandable, but depressed due to fear of virus transmission. Age, sex, hometown locality, school location, vacation residence, and education level were related to the prejudice(all P < 0.05).   Conclusions   To college students, COVID-19 related prejudice from people in Hubei was objectively existing, thus measures should be taken timely to eliminate the stigma associated with the epidemic.
The relationship between perceived stress and sleep quality of Wuhan residents during COVID-19 outbreak: psychological resilience as a moderator
ZHANG Lian-sheng, ZHANG Bo, HU Ling
2020, 24(6): 638-642. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.004
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  Objective   To examine the situation of sleep quality and to explore the moderate effect of psychological resilience between perceived stress and sleep quality of Wuhan residents during COVID-19 outbreak.   Methods   From February 1 to 5 in 2020, a WeChat survey was established among 1 178 Wuhan residents aged more than 18 years with the insomnia severity index(ISI), perceived stress scale, and 10-item connor-davidson resilience scale. Moderating effect was analyzed with hierarchical regression analysis.   Results   The median of ISI scores was 3.11(0.93, 7.04) among the residents, and 24.62% of the interviewee were suffered from poor sleep quality. There were significant differences between ISI scores and marital status, and perceived stress, and psychological resilience(all P < 0.001). ISI scores were positively correlated with perceived stress(r=0.378, P < 0.001), and negatively correlated with psychological resilience(r =-0.299, P < 0.001). And negative correlation was found between psychological resilience and perceived stress(r =-0.563, P < 0.001). Psychological resilience moderated the relationship between perceived stress and sleep quality(β=-0.249, P=0.001).   Conclusion   The psychological resilience could buffer negative effect of perceived stress on sleep quality, and is a crucial protective factor for improving sleep quality among residents during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Analysis of anxiety and depression of residents outside Wuhan in Hubei Province during the outbreak of COVID-19 and its influencing factors
LUO Fang, LUO Dan, WANG Bin, LAI Shi-feng, CHEN Yue, PENG Wen-hui, WANG Bao-guo
2020, 24(6): 643-648. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.005
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  Objective   To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of anxiety and de-pression symptoms of residents outside Wuhan in Hubei province during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), so as to provide reference for carrying out targeted psychological intervention.   Methods   In this study, the convenient sampling method was adopted to distribute self-developed electronic questionnaire on the Internet from March 14 to March 17, 2020, including general personal information, anxiety and depression symptoms. And the influencing factors of anxiety and depression symptoms in residents outside Wuhan in Hubei province were analyzed by chi square(χ2) test and multivariate Logistic regression model.   Results   Among the 483 respondents, 122 were males(25.26%) and 361 were females(74.74%), with an average age of(45.00 ± 10.00) years old. 388(80.33%) of them were afraid of being infected, 74(7.04%) had received psychological counseling during the epidemic period. The prevalence of anxiety symptoms was 13.66%(66/483), and the prevalence of depression symptoms was 26.29%(127/483).Logistic regression analysis showed that women, fear of infection and prior counseling during epidemics were risk factors for anxiety(all P < 0.05). Women, fear of infection, and prior counseling during epidemics are risk factors for depressive, and knowing that the country has opened channels for psychological assistance during the epidemic is a protective factor for depression(allP < 0.05).   Conclusion   Under the COVID-19 epidemic situation, the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms of residents outside Wuhan areas in Hubei province was relatively high. Relevant departments should take measures to carry out targeted psychological intervention to alleviate the anxiety and depression of residents in this area.
Discussion on the current status of COVID-19 epidemic and prevention and control strategies in Sichuan Province
MA Yuan, ZHANG Yi-tong, YANG Lian
2020, 24(6): 649-654. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.006
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  Objective   To understand and explore the current status of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic in Sichuan Province, and provide reference for the disease prevention and control at the present stage.   Methods   Descriptive epidemiological method was used to provide an in-depth analysis of the changes in the epidemic and clarify the status quo.   Results   The COVID-19 cases in Sichuan Pro-vince were mainly concentrated in the people aged 20-59, and the proportion of males was slightly higher than that of females. The proportion of cases with exposure history of Wuhan/Hubei among four periods were 52.91%, 21.97%, 16.67% and 0.00%, respectively. Up to March 16 th, both new confirmed cases and existing suspected cases were 0, with a total of 539 confirmed cases, 520 cured cases, and 3 fatal cases. All cumulative confirmed cases were distributed in 21 cities and prefectures in the province, with Chengdu ranking first(144 cases, 26.72%). Except for Wuhou district, one of districts in Chengdu, the other remaining 182 counties(cities, districts) have no symptomatic cases.   Conclusions   The current situation of COVID-19 epidemic makes gradual improvement in Sichuan Province. However, there is still the risk of imported infection. The stricter enforcement of existing strategies, such as region-specific and multi-level measures, and targeted and science-based policy, in the prevention and control of the epidemic is warranted.
Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Shaanxi Province
ZHANG Hui, JI Zhen-hao, LIU Nan, BAI Yao, LI Qian, LIU Ji-feng, LIU Kun, CHEN Zhi-jun
2020, 24(6): 655-659. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.007
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  Objective   To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of 245 confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in Shaanxi Province, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of COVID-19.   Methods   The data of confirmed cases of COVID-19 obtained from the official website of Shaanxi Province health commission were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological analysis.   Results   Totally 245 cases(131 male and 114 female) were reported, including 114 indigenous cases, 116 imported cases(97 with sojourn history of Hubei Province), 15 cases without clear infectious sources and 2 deaths. Totally 46 clusters of COVID-19 were reported, while 39 were family clusters(84.78%, 39/46). The results showed that there were 2 peaks of epidemic curve occurred on January 27 th(20 cases) and January 31 th(18 cases), 2020, respectively. Xi'an city reported the most cases of COVID-19, accounting for 48.98%(120/245). The age group of 40-years old reported the most cases, with 60 cases. The median days were 1.0(0.5, 3.0) d from onset to the first-diagnosis, 4.0(3.0, 6.0) d from the first-diagnosis to confirmation and 6.0(4.0, 9.0) d from onset to confirmed diagnosis. The median days from onset to confirmed diagnosis of indigenous cases(7 d) and self-treatment cases(9 d) were longer than that of imported cases(5 d) and no self-treatment cases(6 d), respectively. The median day from the first-diagnosis to confirmation of the cases first-diagnosed in community hospitals(7 d) was longer than that of the cases first-diagnosed in secondary(3 d) or tertiary(4 d) hospitals.   Conclusions   The epidemic of Shaanxi Province was divided into two stages, characterized by familial clusters. The infectious source of cases, with or without self-treatment before the first-diagnosis and the grade of first-diagnosis hospitals were factors that affected the confirmation of the cases.
Transmission dynamics of coronavirus disease 2019 in Henan province
ZHANG Yan-yang, LI Jun, YANG Kai-chao, WANG San-feng, ZHAO Dong-yang, XIAO Zhan-pei, SHI Lu-bin, JI Yan-fang, CHEN Shuai-yin
2020, 24(6): 660-664. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.008
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  Objective   To explore the epidemic trend of Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) and provide basis for prevention and control through establishing transmission dynamics model of COVID-19 in Henan province.   Methods   The epidemic data was collected through official website of Henan Health Commission from January 21, 2019 to February 23, 2020, the population data was obtained from Henan Province Statistical Yearbook. The descriptive epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 were analyzed by Excel 2007 and MapInfo7.0. The transmission dynamics model of COVID-19 was established by MATLAB 7.0.   Results   The accumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19 had reached 1271 as of February 23, 2020 in Henan Province, and the reported incidence was about 1.16 per 100 000. Confirmed cases were mainly from Xinyang, Nanyang, Zhengzhou and Zhumadian. According to SEIR model, the average of Basic Reproduction Number(R 0) was about 2.41. The peak value of COVID-19 epidemic was reduced by 55%, the appearance time of peak value was delayed by 3 days after Henan Province's a series of prevention and control measures.   Conclusion   A fast spread trend was observed in the early COVID-19 epidemic of Henan Province. Through a series of prevention and control measures, the Effective Reproduction(Re) gradually decreased and the epidemic of COVID-19 was gradually under control in Henan Province.
The influence of community environment on leisure physical activity among patients with type 2 diabetes
GAO Min, CHEN Xue-ying, SUN Xin, FAN Li-shi, WANG Feng-bin, SHEN Ying, WANG Tao-tao, ZHAO Li-hua, GAN Jing-wen, YUE Rong-fang, SUN Xin-ying
2020, 24(6): 665-669. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.009
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  Objective   To explore the influence of community environment on leisure physical activity among patients with type 2 diabetes.   Methods   A self-designed questionnaire based on the the ory of planned behavior for type 2 diabetes was developed. The reliability and validity of exercise situation scale were good. Structural equation model was used to estimate the effects of community environment on leisure physical activities.   Results   807 patients with type 2 diabetes were included. Men had significantly higher level of physical activity than women(Hc=4.924, P=0.027). Structural equation model showed that physical activity intention had a significant impact on the amount of physical activity(β=0.155, P < 0.001). Besides, community had influence on physical activity attitude(β=0.008, P=0.017, accounting for 5.16% of the total effect) and perceived behavior control(β=0.050, P=0.001, accounting for 32.26% of the total effect). Finally, community environment had indirect influence on physical activity behavior through physical activity intention.   Results   Overall, many people don't have sufficient physical activity. Authorities should create a good exercising atmosphere in the community level. Patients are encouraged to use more community sports facilities, which will increase exercise.
Analysis on the diabetes prevalence and its influencing factors in population aged 35-75 years in Liaoning province
PAN Lei-lei, LU Chun-ming, WU Ming, YOU Yi, GUO Jie, MA Ying-shun, TIAN Jiang
2020, 24(6): 670-675. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.010
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  Objective   To investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of diabetes mellitus in population aged 35-75 years in Liaoning province, and to explore its risk factors and provide an effective basis for prevention and control of diabetes mellitus.   Methods   A multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to investigate the residents of 3 towns and 3 rural projects in Liaoning province. A total of 53 497 adults were surveyed. Demographic data, smoking, drinking, history of disease, history of treatment, and history of medication were collected. Physical examinations and laboratory tests were also conducted.   Results   The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Liaoning province was 17.96%(stand-ardized prevalence was 16.95%). The prevalence of males was 17.40%(standardized prevalence was 16.56%). And the prevalence of females was 18.46%(standardized prevalence was 17.36%).Results of multivariate logistic regression showed that age, female, high education, city, smoking, drinking, overweight, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and occupation(except farmers) were risk factors of diabetes mellitus(all P < 0.05). High income was a protective factor(allP < 0.05).   Conclusions   The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in population aged 35-75 years in Liaoning province was high. A healthy life-style was advocated. Smoking and drinking should be limited. It is necessary to strengthen the intervention in this population in order to reduce the incidence of diabetes mellitus in Liaoning province.
Awareness rate, treatment rate, and control rate of hypertension and its influencing factors in Xiangxi minority areas
TIAN Meng-yuan, WANG Xiao-lei, WANG Hao-ren, ZHANG Na, TAN Hong-zhuan
2020, 24(6): 676-681. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.011
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  Objective   To understand the awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension in Xiangxi minority areas, and explore the possible influencing factors.   Methods   Using the multi-stage random sampling method, 428 individuals ≥35 years old in Xiangxi minority areas were selected for investigation. The awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension in hypertensive patient were analyzed. Meanwhile, multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the possible influencing factors.   Results   The prevalence rate, awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension were 52.34%(95% CI:47.6%-57.1%), 59.38%(95% CI:52.9%-65.9%), 44.20%(95% CI:37.6%-50.8%)and 8.48%(95%CI:4.8%-12.2%), respectively. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age was the common influencing determinant of hypertension awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate(all P < 0.05). The hypertension awareness rate of the males(OR=2.481, 95% CI: 1.308-4.703) was lower than that of the females. Overweight patients and those whose blood pressure was measured at least once a year had higher rates of hypertension awareness and treatment(all P < 0.05). However, patients with a history of chronic diseases(OR=0.269, 95% CI: 0.090-0.808) had a higher hypertension control rate than those without a history of chronic diseases.   Conclusions   The awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension in residents over 35 years old are still at a low level, especially the blood pressure control rate.
Analysis of chronic disease health literacy and influencing factors among urban and rural residents in Hefei in 2019
WANG Qian, ZHANG Jun-qing, XU Yi-chao, FENG Chong
2020, 24(6): 682-685. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.012
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  Objective   To understand the status and influencing factors of Chronic disease health literacy of residents in Hefei City, so as to provide basic data for health education strategies and measures.   Methods   2 681 permanent residents were randomly selected from 36 administrative villages or neighborhood committees in 9 counties and districts of Hefei by multistage sampling methods. Multiple Logistic regression was used to screen the influencing factors of Chronic disease health literacy status.   Results   In 2019, the level of chronic disease health literacy among residents in Hefei was 16.1%(95% CI: 14.7%-17.5%). The residents had higher rate of chronic diseases health literacy(P < 0.001) with higher level of education and higher per capita annual income. Compared with the participants who never had chronic diseases, the participants who had great than or equal to 2 kinds of chronic disease had lower chronic di-sease health literacy. The least accuracy questions about chronic disease health literacy was "Benefits of soy products", "Fruits and vegetables are functionally replaceable" and "Early warning signs of cancer".   Conclusions   The contents and methods of health literacy education for chronic diseases prevention and treatment should be adjusted to further strengthen health literacy education for key groups.
The association between handgrip strength and blood pressure among adolescents
ZHAO Miao-miao, SUN Ying-xian, LI Jue
2020, 24(6): 686-690. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.013
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  Objective   To examine the association between handgrip strength and blood pressure(BP) in adolescents using the data obtained from survey on the constitution and health of students in Liaoning province in 2014.   Methods   A total of 16 892 Chinese Han junior and senior high school students aged 13-18 years were included in this study. Participants gripped the dynamometer with their dominant hand for twice, and the maximum value was recorded. General linear regression models were used to analyze the associations between handgrip strength and BP, while related variables were converted to age-and sex-specific z-scores.   Results   After adjustment for age, sex, region, body mass index, physical activities, and cardiorespiratory fitness, handgrip strength is positively associated with systolic BP and diastolic BP in both men and women(all P < 0.001).There was an increasing trend in systolic and diastolic BP as handgrip strength increased from the bottom quartile to the top quartile(all Ptrend < 0.001).   Conclusions   There is a positive association between handgrip strength and BP in adolescents, the mechanisms of which will be explored to determine whether resistance training to increase muscle strength can be widely carried out among adolescents.
Analysis on influenza surveillance data in Ningxia from 2009 to 2018
SUN Wei, GAO Jie, MA Ying, LI Xi, GONG Rui, MA Yue, LI Tao, DONG Jun-qiang
2020, 24(6): 691-695. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.014
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  Objective   To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza like cases in Ningxia from 2009 to 2018, in order to reveal the epidemic characteristics and laws of influenza of Ningxia, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza in the future.   Methods   The data of influenza case report, pathogen monitoring, influenza report and influenza outbreak report in Ningxia from 2009 to 2018 were collected through the China influenza surveillance information system, and the data were sorted out and analyzed by Excel 2010 and SPSS 26.0.   Results   From 2009 to 2018, the characteristics of influenza in Ningxia showed a single peak epidemic, with the peak concentrated in winter and spring, and the incidence level showed an increasing trend(χtrend2 = 0.300, P < 0.001); in the past 10 years, the average percentage of influenza like cases(ILI%) in five cities of Ningxia was different(χ2 = 0.199, P < 0.001); the proportion of influenza like cases under the age of 15 accounted for 56.08%; From 2009 to 2018, a total of 51 865 throat swab specimens were collected and tested for ILI, in which 5 358 cases were tested positive(10.33%). Among the 5 358 positive cases, influenza A virus was the main virus(accounting for 78.74%), while influenza B virus accounted for an increasing proportion year by year.During the past 10 years, Ningxia reported a total of 17 influenza outbreaks, all of which occurred in primary and secondary schools and kindergartens.   Conclusions   From 2009 to 2018, the seasonal characteristics of influenza epidemic in Ningxia are obvious, but the dominant strains are different every year. Therefore, the prevention and control strategies should be adjusted in time according to the dominant strains.The population under 15 years old is the population with high incidence of influenza, which is suggested to promote the introduction of influenza vaccine before October every year, and focus on the influenza prevention and control work in schools and other population gathering places.
The changes of influenza virus in Qinghai Province from 2009 to 2018
ZHAO Jin-hua, MA Yong-cheng, SHI Yan, MA Bin-zhong, LI Hong, CAO Hai-lan, LI Yong-hong, XU Li-li
2020, 24(6): 696-700. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.015
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  Objective   Toexplore the transitional patterns of influenza virus in Qinghai province between 14 weeks of 2009 and 13 weeks of 2018 for the scientific prevention and control of influenza in the plateau region.   Methods   The samples and virus isolation data with influenza-like cases and positive nucleic acid test of case were derived from the Chinese influenza surveillance information system. The characteristics of influenza viruses in Qinghai province between 2009 and 2018 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.   Results   HNN1(pdm09) was dominated influenza of seasonof 2009, 2011, 2014 and 2015 in Plateau area of Qinghai province. H3 N2 was dominated in influenza of seasonof 2010 and 2012. The major is olate in 2013 was type B. H3 N2, type B and HNN1(pdm09) had account for a large proportion in 2016 and 2017, and in 2018, the HNN1(pdm09), H3 N2 and B type were dominant. H3 N2, H1 N1 influenza virus(pdm09) and BVwere mainly prevalent in the northwest region of Qinghai province(hercynian and distance from the north sea).Main types in other areas were H3 N2, H1 N1(pdm09), BY and BV4 viruses. Among which the positive detection rate of influenza virus was 8.73% in spring and 1.35% in summer and autumn.   Conclusions   The types and activity of influenza virus in northwest Qinghai province are different from other parts of Qinghai province. Under 14 years old are more likely to be infected with the b virus.There fore, they can be vaccinated against influenza in key groups and key areas, and the influenza epidemic in schools should be monitored and prevented.
Study on plasma lncRNA RNF5P1 as a biomarker for ischemic stroke
WEN Ying, TANG Yue-fang, HUANG Su-li, ZHANG Yan-wei, ZHOU Li, LI Di, KE Yue-bin, CHENG Jin-quan, CHEN Qing-shan
2020, 24(6): 701-705. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.016
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  Objective   To explore the association between the expression level of plasma long non-coding RNA(lncRNA) RNF5 P1 and the risk of ischemic stroke(IS), and to examine the potential of RNF5 P1 as a biomarker for IS.   Methods   A 1:1 matched case-control study with 302 pairs of newly diagnosed IS patients and controls was conducted in Shenzhen. LncRNA expression levels were measured using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. Conditional logistic regression model was used to assess the association between plasma RNF5 P1 expression level and IS risk. The receiver operating characteristic(ROC) and reclassification analysis were conducted to assess the feasibility of using plasma RNF5 P1 as a novel biomarker for the detection of IS.   Results   The expression levels of lncRNA RNF5 P1 were signific-antly higher in the patients with IS than the controls(P < 0.001). The higher expression level of RNF5 P1 was associated with increased risk of IS, and the adjusted odds ratio was 2.52(95%CI: 1.12-5.64). Addition of RNF5 P1 to the well-recognized risk factors led to significant improvement in the area under the ROC curve(P < 0.001), with a net reclassification improvement of 0.42(95%CI:0.26-0.57) and an integrated discrimination improvement of 0.24(95% CI: 0.14-0.34).   Conclusions   The level of plasma RNF5 P1 is positively associated with the risk of IS. Our results suggest the potential for plasma lncRNA RNF5 P1 to be used as a novel molecular biomarker for IS.
Application of karyotype and CNV-seq in the detection of chromosome abnormalies in fetuses with increased nuchal translucency
PENG Ya-qin, XU Jing-jing, HU Yue, LIU Wen, SONG Ya-xian, HE Guo-ping, WU Li-min, WANG Jing
2020, 24(6): 706-710. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.017
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  Objective   To evaluate the application of karyotype analysis and copy number variation sequencing(CNV-seq) in chromosome abnormalies detection of nuchal translucency(NT) thickened fetuses.   Methods   From January 2018 to October 2019, 164 single pregnant women with NT≥2.5 mm were selected. After informed consent, amniocentesis was performed. Amniotic fluid was extracted for chromosomal karyotypes analysis and CNV-seq.   Results   Among the 164 cases with thickened NT, 24 cases with choromosome abnormalies were detected, including 15 cases of trisomy 21 syndrome, 2 cases of trisomy 18 syndrome, 4 cases of sex chromosomal abnormalities, 1 case of trisomy 21 mosaicism and 2 cases of other chromosomal abnormalies. According to NT values, pregnant women were divided into three groups, 2.5 mm≤NT < 3.5 mm, 3.5 mm≤NT < 4.5 mm, and NT≥4.5 mm. The incidences of chromosome abnormalies in the three groups were 9.38%(9/96), 18.60%(8/43), and 28.00%(7/25), respectively. The incidence of chromosome abnormalies was 10.24%(13/127) in the fetuses with NT thickening only, and incidence was 29.37%(11/37) in those with NT thickening and other abnormal indications. The difference was statistically significant(P=0.003). 29 cases with clearly known pathogenic and suspected pathogenic CNVs were diagnosed through CNV-seq, which possessed the incidence of 17.68(29/164). However, CNV-seq failed to detect balanced chromosomal translocation and Robertsonian translocation and so on.   Conclusions   With elevated NT value and other indications, the risk of chromosome abnormalies increased correspondingly. Karyotype analysis combined with CNV-seq can effectively improve the detection efficacy of fetal chromosome anomalies, which is conducive to prenatal genetic counseling.
The effects of TLR3 up-regulation on Th1/Th2 cytokines in CBMCs of infants with non/hypo response to hepatitis B vaccine
ZHANG Rui-jun, YI Lin-zhu, WU Jia-xin, ZHAO Tian-jing, LI Yan-di, WANG Ting, WANG Bo, FENG Shu-ying, FENG Yong-liang, WANG Su-ping
2020, 24(6): 711-715. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.018
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  Objective   To explore whether TLR3 up-regulation could change the Th1/Th2 cytokines expression in CBMCs of HBsAg-positive maternal infants with different hepatitis B vaccine immune status.   Methods   Umbilical cord blood of 40 HBsAg-positive mothers was collected. CBMCs were separated and divided into control group, HBV stimulation group and Poly I:C+HBV stimulation group. The protein of TLR3 and Th1/Th2 cytokines were detected by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. The anti-HBs level of peripheral blood from infants at 12 months of age were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay to determine the immune response of hepatitis B vaccine.   Results   Stimulated with TLR3 agonist and HBV, the increased rate of TLR3 in CBMCs of infants with non/hypo response to hepatitis B vaccine(37.41%) was higher than that of infants with high response(22.48%)(P=0.0262), the levels of Th1/Th2 cytokines were lower than those of infants with high response(all P < 0.001). Th1/Th2 cytokines expression levels decreased after HBV stimulation, and increased after Poly I:C+HBV stimulation(P < 0.05). IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 levels of non/hypo responders after Poly I:C+HBV stimulation were close to those of high responders after HBV stimulation(allP > 0.05).   Conclusions   HBV could damage the immune status of HBsAg-positive maternal infants and may be related to the non/hypo response to hepatitis B vaccine. The expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in non/hypo-response infants may increase when the TLR3 protein in CBMCs is up-regulated.
Pathogen investigation of rodents in the western ground crossings of inner Mongolia
WANG Ning, JIN Mu-zi, JIANG Lan-fen, ZHANG Sheng, YUN Hua, LI Hong, ZHANG Pan-he, LI Hao, MI Chun-xia
2020, 24(6): 716-722. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.019
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  Objective   To investigate the rodent species, their distribution and pathogens carried by rodents in Erenhot, Ceke and Erdos ground crossings in western part of Inner Mongolia, and to provide basic information for disease prevention in ground crossings area.   Methods   The study areas were de-termined where the rodents were captured and sacrificed for the nucleic acids extraction and tests for Yersinia pestis, Babesi protozoa, Bartonella, Spotted fever group rickettsia, anaplasmosis and Borrelia burgdorferi. The obtained sequences were analyzed by using MAGA 5.0 software. Bootstrap analysis was uesd to analyze the obtained nucleotide fragments of 1 000 repeats, and the neighbor joining tree was constructed based on the target gene sequence.   Results   Totally 8 rodents species were captured in the studied areas, including Long-clawed gerbil, Daur chinchilla, meridian gerbil, five-toed lemming, three-toed hamster, house mouse, gray hamster, hairy foot mouse. And a total of 4 nucleic acid positive materials has been detected, including Bartonella, Spotted fever group rickettsia, anaplasmosis, and Borrelia burgdorferi. The positive rate was 43.26%, 6.18%, 17.98% and 3.37%; With further analyzing of Nucleotide sequence, there were Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae and several anaplasmosis in the district.   Conclusions   There were abundant species of rodents and many pathogens carried by rodents in the ground crossings of western area of Inner Mongolia. It should be focused on the prevention and control issues in future work.
Relationship between serum folate and risk of oral cancer: a case-control study
ZHANG Rong-qi, CHEN Qing, WU Yu-xuan, LIN Xi-qin, CAI Lin, WANG Jing, CHEN Fa, HE Bao-chang, LIU Feng-qiong
2020, 24(6): 723-727. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.020
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Abstract:
  Objective   To explore the association between serum folate and the risk of oral cancer.   Methods   A case-control study were performed with 225 cases of newly diagnosed primary oral cancer from the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University and 225 controls from the same hospital and nearby community. Unconditional Logistic regression and stratification analysis were used to explore the association between serum folate and oral cancer. Adjusted OR and corresponding 95% CI were calculated. Addition-ally, interaction analysis was conducted between serum folate and gender, smoking status, vegetables and fruit intake   Results   The level of serum folate was 5.7 ng/ml in the case group, which was lower than 8.2 ng/ml in control(P < 0.001). There was a negative correlation between serum folate level and the risk for oral cancer regardless of gender and smoking status, and vegetables and fruits intake frequencies. Multiplicative interaction was observed between serum folate level and gender, smoking status, vegetable intake and fruit intake.   Conclusions   High serum folic acid levels are negatively associated with the risk of oral can-cer. Adequate folate intake, reducing tobacco use and increasing the intake of vegetables and fruits can reduce the risk of oral cancer to some extent.
Analysis on the status and influence of resident health literacy in districts with different economic level in Liuzhou, 2018
RAN Xiao-min, CUI Xue-lian, LI Ming-qiang, MENG Fan-wen, TAN Xiao-ping
2020, 24(6): 728-732. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.021
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Abstract:
  Objective   To provide evidence for formulating interventions and policies on health education through analyzing health literacy rate and awareness rate of three dimensions and six key health issues among three counties(districts) of Liuzhou in 2018.   Method   Three counties were selected on the basic of Liuzhou county GDP per capita. Multistage stratified random sampling was used to select 1 370 residents aged between 15 and 69 years old. A questionnaine survey was conducted.   Results   Health literacy rates were 25.21%, 10.49% and 4.44% in the areas with good economic conditions, medium and poor economic conditions respectively(χ2=90.767, P < 0.001). Among the three literacy dimensions, basic knowledge and concept were turned out to be the most well-known infor-mation, while respondents seemed to be less aware of healthy lifestyle. The six-key-health-issue literacy displayed its tipping point at safety and first aid, and its bottom at medical care. The results of logistic regression nalysis showed that age, education and occupation were identified as the influencing factors of resident health literacy in the areas with good economy, and the factors in the middle areas were education and occupation. The factors in the poor areas were education level and nationality.   Conclusions   There was a gap in the health literacy level of residents among different economic gradients in Liuzhou. Attention should be laid on remote, poverty-stricken and minority areas, and priority should be given to the edu-cation and promotion of the less-known in different regions. Additionally, initiatives should focus on transforming the knowledge received by residents into actual health behaviors.
Study on the sexual behaviors and its influencing factors among men aged 50 and above in Xishan District, Kunming
CHEN Jiao, YANG Fu-hong, YIN Wen-yuan, XUE Hun, CAO Xiao-bin
2020, 24(6): 733-736. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.022
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Abstract:
  Objective   To explore sexual behavior and its influencing factors among men aged 50 years and above in Xishan district of Kunming City.   Methods   360 men aged 50 and above were recruited to participate in a face to face questionnaire survey to collect information, including socio-demographics and sexual behaviors in the past 6 months. Chi-square test and Logistic regression methods were used to analyze the occurrence of unmarried sexual behavior and its influencing factors.   Results   The average age of participate was(63.70±3.86) years old. The majority of participants had a degree of primary school or below. Most them were living by themselves, and their income was mainly pension. 18.29%(64/350) participants had unmarried sexual behaviors in the past 6 months and 12.90%(45/350) participants had commercial sexual behaviors. 0.86%(3/350)participants used condoms each time.Results of logistic regression models indicated that divorced/widowed(OR=25.00, P < 0.001) and living alone(OR=25.00, P < 0.001) were associated with unmarried sexual behaviors.   Conclusions   Unmarried sexual behaviors and low condom use rate were common among men aged 50 years and above. The intervention strategies focus on increasing their health awareness and reducing their risk sexual behaviors.
Analysis on the reliability and validity of Chinese version death attitude profile-revised (DAP-R) for Chinese college students
WANG Qiong-qiong, WANG Hai-li, ZHAO Fei-yan, FANG Yan, ZHAO Qi-peng, DONG Yuan-yuan, WU Yue, YE Dong-qing, WANG Bin
2020, 24(6): 737-740. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.023
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  Objective   To evaluate the reliability and validity of Chinese version death attitude profile-revised(DAP-R) scale among Chinese college students.   Methods   DAP-R scale was used to investigate 561 college students from 7 colleges and universities in Hefei. Cronbach's α coefficient and Spearman-Brown spit-half coefficient was used to evaluate the reliability of the scale. The Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to evaluate the content validity. Factor analysis was performed to evaluate the construct validity.   Results   The Cronbach's α coefficient of the whole scale was 0.868, and the Spearman-Brown spit-half Coefficient was 0.835. The Pearson correlation coefficients was from 0.554 to 0.828(all P < 0.001). In addition to natural acceptance, the Pearson correlation coefficients between dimensions and the total score were 0.630-0.792(allP < 0.001). 5 factors extracted form factor analysis were basically the theoretical conception of the DAP-R scale, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 55.906%.   Conclusions   The Chinses version DAP-R scale is valid and reliable for assessing the death attitude of college students.
The pioneer of humanism and the scientific narrator of the pestilence:Giovanni Boccaccio
MAO Yan-mei, WU Jun, PAN Hai-feng, YE Dong-qing
2020, 24(6): 741-744. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.024
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Abstract:
Giovanni Boccaccio(1313-1375) is the forerunner of the renaissance movement in medieval Europe and an outstanding representative of humanism. His collection of short stories, entitled the Decameron, is the first realistic work with plague as the background in the history of European literature. Boccaccio's humanistic thought broke the ideological domination of feudal theology in medieval Europe. His scientific account of the plague and its response, as well as the spread of humanism, laid the ideological foundation for the enlightenment of natural science and modern public health.

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