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CN 34-1304/R ISSN 1674-3679

2016 Vol. 20, No. 4

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Epidemiological advance of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection
WANG Wen-ling, TAN Wen-jie, LI De-xin
2016, 20(4): 323-328. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.001
Abstract(370) PDF(39)
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The middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes a severe lower respiratory tract infection in humans with high mortality, it has posed a serious global thereat to the public health. Since its discovery in 2012, MERS-CoV has reached 26 countries, as of 19 February 2016 WHO has been notified of 1 638 laboratory-confirmed cases of infection with MERS-CoV, including at least 587 related death. In this review, we highlighted the knowledge on MERS-CoV in general virology and mechanism of pathogeny, and compared MERS-CoV with SARS-CoV on the epidemiology.
Epidemiological characterization and antimicrobial resistance of diarrhea Escherichia coli from acute diarrheal and healthy children in Guangzhou City, 2014-2015
SHI Ting-li, HUANG Jian-hua, LI Xiu-fen, LIU You-zhao, XIONG Yi-quan, ZHONG Yan-yun, DENG Shu-yun, CHEN Shao-wei, ZHANG Ting, ZHONG Xue-shan, FENG Mei, CHEN Qing, YU Shou-yi
2016, 20(4): 329-332. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.002
Abstract(392) PDF(46)
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Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of diarrhea escherichia coli.Methods From June 2014 to June 2015, 143 and 83 stool samples were collected from children infected with acute diarrhea and healthy children respectively. Diarrhea escherichia coli was identified by biochemistry identification and PCR.Kirby Bauer methods(K-B disk diffusion methods) was adopted to evaluate antimicrobial resistance.Results The detection rates of enteropathogenic escherichia coli, enteroaggregative escherichia coli, enterotoxigenic escherichia coli and enteroinvasive escherichia coli in acute diarrhea children and health children specimens were 1.4% and 3.6%,2.8% and 2.4%,1.4% and 1.2%,0.7% and 1.2%,respectively. The age of 3-7 children with acute diarrhea had the highest detection rate of 26.7%, however,the age of 5-7 healthy children had the highest rate of 8.4%. The antimicrobial susceptibility tests showed that the resistance rates for tetracycline, ampicillin and cephalosporin were 52.6%-63.2%,and 5.3%-21.1%. In addition, the multi-drug resistance rate was 50.5%.Conclusions Diarrhea escherichia coli was detected in both acute diarrhea children and health children, and there were multiple infections,which hint diarrhea escherichia coli is an opportunistic infections bacteria. The result of antimicrobial resistance as well as multiple antimicrobial resistance are not optimistic. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of diarrheagenic escherichia coli and antimicrobial resistance, and providing a guide for clinical using antibiotic is also imperative.
HIV incidence and its associated factors among MSM in Nanjing
ZHOU Liang-jia, YAN Hong-jing, XU Jin-shui, HU Hai-yang, CHEN Lu-si, YANG Tian, CHEN Yu-heng, WANG Bei
2016, 20(4): 333-336,356. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.003
Abstract(351) PDF(43)
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Objective To investigate the HIV incidence and its associated factors among MSM in Nanjing. Methods Man who had oral or anal sex with man in latest year in Nanjing were enrolled into our baseline study in health and counseling center of Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention from April to August in 2013. From October in 2013 to February in 2014, these MSM were followed after 6 months, and new expected MSM were also enrolled into the cohort at the same time. Questionnaire survey and serological tests for HIV, treponema pallidum and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) were performed among MSM in the baseline and follow-up study. Results All of 370 MSM were enrolled into our baseline study and the rate of HIV infection was 12.97% (48/370). After 6 months, 225 MSM were followed up and 256 new MSM were enrolled. In the ambispective cohort, HIV incidence among MSM was 8.40/100 person-years. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that having condyloma acuminatum (CA) infection during the latest year (HR=5.730, 95%CI: 1.351-24.312) and syphilis infection (HR=4.807, 95%CI: 1.838-12.573) were significantly associated with HIV seroconversion. Interaction analysis revealed that MSM with coinfection of CA and syphilis or HSV-2 had higher risk of HIV infection than those with infection alone or without infection, and peer education could decrease the risks of HIV infection when MSM with STD infections received peer education. Conclusions HIV incidence is very high in MSM population in Nanjing. The infection of syphilis or CA can increase the risk of HIV incidence.
Analyse of HIV prevalence among TB patients in Guizhou Province from 2010 to 2014
HE Yu-ying, LEI Shi-guang, SONG Shen-chao, YUAN Wei, CHEN Hui-juan
2016, 20(4): 337-340. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.004
Abstract(335) PDF(43)
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Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients with tuberculosis (TB) and to identify the high risk factor in Guizhou Province, so as to provide scientific basis for prevention of TB patients co-infected with HIV. Methods The relevant data about pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Guizhou for five years (2010-2014) was collected. HIV infection in pulmonary tuberculosis patients was analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results The infection rate in tuberculosis patients was 0.13% including 0.16% in male and 0.09% in female. The HIV infection rate in male was higher than that in female. Young people aged 30-44 years old were so susceptible that the HIV infection rate reached 0.29%. The HIV infection rate in Dong minority people was 0.42% which was higher than that in other nationalities. The drivers, sailors, household workers, unemployed people and mobile workers were at high risk to be infected. Conclusions The HIV infection rate of tuberculosis patients in Guizhou remained low. More focus should be taken on the population as young adults, mobile workers and minority group to prevent and control the spread of TB/HIV. HIV screening in tuberculosis patients and management of data about epidemic situation should be improved.
Characteristics and health service utilization of HIV positive individuals detected through free PITC strategy in Dehong prefecture
XIANG Li-fen, GAO Jie, LIU Chun-xin, YANG Shi-jiang, YE Run-hua, YANG Yue-cheng, LI Lin, TANG Ren-hai, WANG Ji-bao, DU Ben-li, YANG Zhong-ju, NIE Yong-ying, DUAN Song, HE Na
2016, 20(4): 341-344. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.005
Abstract(363) PDF(32)
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Objective To examine characteristics and health service utilization of HIV-positive individuals detected through Provider-Initiated HIV Testing and Counselling (PITC) in Dehong Prefecture of Yunan Province in 2013. Methods Newly diagnosed positives detected by PITC and formerly diagnosed positives were compared in terms of characteristics and utilization of health services. Correlates of early diagnosis were also analyzed through Logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 179 individuals were detected positive for HIV by PITC, of whom 76 (42.5%) were newly diagnosed. Compared with the formerly diagnosed infections, the newly diagnosed were younger with more foreigners and less AIDS patients. The proportion of receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and counselling were significantly lower among the newly diagnosed infections, but the proportion of consistent condom use, having received antifungal drugs, economic supports or tuberculosis examinations were not significantly different between the two groups. 58.8% (97/165) of the HIV-infected individuals were defined as the early diagnosed infections. Multiple regression analysis indicated that women were more likely to be early diagnosed than men (OR=2.40,P=0.006), ≥45 years old were less likely to be early diagnosed than <35 years old (OR=0.25,P<0.001) and foreigners were less likely to be diagnosed than Chinese (OR=0.46,P=0.044). Conclusions The free PITC strategy implemented in township hospitals in Dehong prefecture can identify a number of HIV infections. But more efforts are needed for providing counselling and ART to newly diagnosed HIV infections by PITC.
The epidemic characteristic and spatial-temporal clusters of scrub typhus in Guangzhou City, 2010-2014
LI Xiao-ning, HUANG Yong, MA Yu, LUO Lei, XIAO Xin-cai, YANG Zhi-cong, WEI Yue-hong
2016, 20(4): 345-348. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.006
Abstract(273) PDF(45)
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Objective To explore the epidemic characteristics and spatial-temporal clusters of scrub typhus in Guangzhou. Methods The information about scrub typhus cases from 2010 to 2014 in Guangzhou was collected. The distributions of scrub typhus cases of time, space and population were described. Space-time scan statistics were used to explore clusters. Results Totally 3 838 scrub typhus cases were reported between 2010 and 2014, and the average incidence rate was 6.25 cases per 100 000 people. The incidence rates of males and females were 5.62 cases per 100 000 people and 6.46 cases per 100 000 people respectively. The 60-69 age group showed the highest incidence rate (24.69 cases per 100 000 people). Conghua and Nansha districts (31.05 cases per 100 000 people vs 34.57 cases per 100 000 people) demonstrated higher incidence rate than other districts. The clusters were located on suburbs or rural areas such as Conghua, Panyu and Nansha before 2014, but Yuexiu and Tianhe were newly developed into clusters in 2014. Conclusions The risk of scrub typhus is high in Guangzhou, and effective prevention and control measures should be implemented timely.
Incidence trend and epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Zibo City from 1956 to 2014
WANG Ling, ZHANG Ling, WANG Tao, YANG Shu-xia, KOU Zeng-qiang, FANG Ming, BI Zhen-qiang, BI Zhen-wang
2016, 20(4): 349-352. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.007
Abstract(337) PDF(38)
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Objective To analyze the incidence trends and epidemic characteristics of scarlet fever in Zibo City from 1956 to 2014, to investigate the emm genotype of group A streptococcus(GAS) in Zibo from 2013 to 2014, and to provide evidence for preventing and controlling scarlet fever. Methods Descriptive statistical analysis was performed on epidemiological data of scarlet fever during 1954-2014 obtained from historical epidemic data and Diseases Reporting Information System. GAS were isolated from throat swabs of the case from 2013 to 2014,polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was conducted to amplity the emm gene, and to determine the genotype of emm.Results A total of 13 470 cases and 24 death cases were reported in the whole city from 1956 to 2014, with the annual incidence rate between 0.51-70.47/100 000. The mortality rate was 0.18%. There were seven popular cycles during the 59 years with 5 to 10 years per cycle. The two peak stages occurred in spring(April-June) and winter(Nov.-Jan.) each year. The age of the cases were under 15 years old, accounted for 93.22% of the total cases. A total of 14 GAS strains were isolated during the recent 2 years, and there were 6 gene subtypes including 6 strains of emm 1.0, 1 strain of emm 1.24, 1 strain of emm 1.70, 4 strains of emm 12.0, 1 strain of emm 12.7 and 1 strain of emm 75.0. Conclusions The incidence rate of scarlet fever was decreasing during the 59 years, with obvious periodicity and seasonality incidence. Primary school students and kingdergarten children are the focus population for prevention and control the scarlet fever. The most epidemic genotype of GAS strains were emm 1.0 and emm 12.0 during 2013-2014 in Zibo City.
Study on quality of life and its influencing factors in patients with serious mental illness in Nanjing City
QI Sheng-xiang, WANG Zhi-yong, HONG Xin, ZHAO Ning, XU Fei
2016, 20(4): 353-356. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.008
Abstract(403) PDF(36)
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Objective To investigate the major influencing factors of life quality of patients with serious mental illness and provide scientific evidences to improve their life quality. Methods A total of 679 patients with serious mental illness were included in this face-to-face survey with the MOS short form 36 health survey (SF-36) questionnaire. Results The mean physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) were (48.64±10.62) and (37.86±14.66) respectively. By the multivariable linear regression, the patients with younger age, higher educated level, no physical diseases, no adverse drug reactions and no social disability got higher PCS (all P<0.05), and the patients with no psychiatric symptoms, lower risk classification and no social disability got higher MCS (all P<0.05). Conclusions The severe mental illness not only damage mental health but also physical health. Psychiatric symptoms treatment, trouble-making risk control and social function improvement are of great importance to improve the mental health. Meanwhile we should focus on the physical health by relieving the patients' physical disease and adverse drug reactions.
Bi-direction association on the increased prevalence of depression and type 2 diabetes among adults in Qingdao
NING Feng, WANG Yu-mei, SUN Xiao-hui, ZHANG Dong, XIN Hua-lei, NAN Hai-rong, QIAO Qing, WANG Shao-jie, SI Qian, GAO Ru-qin, PANG Zeng-chang
2016, 20(4): 357-361. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.009
Abstract(525) PDF(32)
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Objective To evaluate the prevalence of depression and type 2 diabetes and related risk factors among adults in Qingdao, to provide evidence on early psychological intervention on communities and prevention of chronic disease risk factors. Methods A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Qingdao, China in 2006. A stratified random cluster sampling procedure was employed to recruit 6 100 participants aged 35-74 years living in Qingdao for at least 5 years. The Zung self-assessment score was employed to assess depression, and diabetes classification were applied using a standard oral glucose tolerance test. Results A total of 2 974 study subjects was included in the data analysis, with prevalences of depression and type 2 diabetes of 10.1% and 16.4%, respectively. Type 2 diabetes were related to depression, rural residents and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol were reversely associated with depression (all P<0.05). Age, depression, BMI, serum triglycerides, hypertension, family history of diabetes and unmarried status were significantly associated with increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes in a multivariable logistic regression model(all P<0.05). There was a dose-response relationship between fasting, 2 h plasma glucose and depression. The corresponding figures were χ2=12.32,OR=1.366 (95% CI:1.151-1.622) and χ2=11.35,OR=1.212 (95% CI:1.081-1.358), respectively. Conclusions Type 2 diabetes and depression is an independent risk factor for depression and type 2 diabetes prevalence in Chinese community, respectively. Early identification and lifestyle intervention may prevent individuals from depression and diabetes.
Pre-pregnancy body mass index, physical activity during pregnancy and risk of the gestational diabetes mellitus
XIE Bing-jie, GUO Peng-ge, PENG Ting-ting, YUE Fu-juan, WANG Fang, FENG Yong-liang, WU Wei-wei, YANG Hai-lan, WANG Su-ping, ZHANG Ya-wei
2016, 20(4): 362-365. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.010
Abstract(339) PDF(43)
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Objective The study aims to investigate the relationship between maternal prepregnancy body mass index(BMI), physical activity during pregnancy and the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods A birth cohort study,which including 6 211 pregnant women with single birth, was conducted from March 2012 to December 2014 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University. Information on birth outcomes and maternal complications were abstracted from medical records. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression models were employed to estimate the associations between pre-pregnancy BMI and GDM. Results A total of 16.02%(995/6 211) women were diagnosed with GDM. The risk of GDM in obese and overweight pregnant women was higher than that in normal BMI pregnant women (OR=2.288,95% CI:1.946-2.691), but the risk of GDM in underweight pregnant women was lower (OR=0.692,95%CI:0.541-0.885). The association between physical activity during pregnancy and the risk of GDM had not been found. We also did not observe significant interactions between pre-pregnancy BMI and physical activity during pregnancy (OR=0.899,95% CI:0.370-1.534). Conclusions High pre-pregnancy BMI may be a risk factor of GDM, and keeping normal pre-pregnancy BMI is a better way to prevent GDM.
Analysis on prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among residents over 15 years old in Hefei
CHEN Juan, XIE Ji-an, YE Kui, DU Yu, ZHANG Jian-feng
2016, 20(4): 366-369. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.011
Abstract(398) PDF(39)
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Objectives To understand the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among residents over 15 years old in Hefei, and to provide the scientific evidence for prevention and control. Methods A total of 1 778 residents over 15 years old were sampled by multi-stage and stratified random cluster sampling.They were interviewed in household and in centralized style with questionnaire and physical examination. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis model was used to analyze the influencing factors of the hypertention prevalence.Results The prevalence rate of hypertension in Hefei was 35.3%. Besides, the prevalence rates of hypertension in urban and rural areas were 33.8% and 36.6% respectively. There was no significant difference between the prevalence rates in urban areas (33.8%) and that in rural areas (36.6%) (χ2=1.46,P=0.227). The prevalence rate of hypertension increased with age (χtrend2=127.20,P<0.001). The prevalence rate in male was higher than that in female(χ2=8.22,P=0.004). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis results showed that sex, older than 45 years, family history of hypertension, overweight, obesity and central obesity were risk factors of hypertension. Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension among residents over 15 years old in urban and rural areas of Hefei was high.Targeted prevention and control measures should be developed according to the disease characteristics of the city. More emphases should be put on health propaganda and health education to change unhealthy lifestyle, to keep proper weight and decrease risk factors of hypertension in Hefei.
The relationship of alcohol drinking with serum lipid levels in Lianyungang rural male adults with hypertension
YU Tao, WANG Wen, WANG Li-wei, YANG Wen-bin, WANG Bin-yan, TANG Gen-fu, ZANG Tong-hua, QIN Xian-hui, WANG Yu, LI Jian-ping, HUO Yong, XU Xi-ping
2016, 20(4): 370-373. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.012
Abstract(325) PDF(27)
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Objective To investigate the association between alcohol drinking and blood lipid levels as well as the influencing factors in Lianyungang rural male adults with hypertension. Methods An epidemiological investigation was conducted in May 2008 in rural areas of Lianyungang.Baseline data collection, including alcohol drinking status, was conducted by trained research staff using a standardized questionnaire designed specifically for the study. Serum total cholesterol(TCHO), triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured using automatic clinical analyzers (Beckman Coulter). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was estimated by the Friedewald formula.Multivariate linear regression models were applied to evaluate the relation between alcohol drinking status and blood lipid levels. Results A total of 5 574 male participants were included in the final analysis.After adjustment for age, body mass index, blood pressure, fasting glucose, smoking and physical activity levels, compared to never alcohol drinkers, current alcohol drinkers showed significantly increased concentrations of serum TCHO(β=15.58,sx-=1.30,P<0.001), HDL-C(β=8.01,sx-=0.43, P<0.001)and LDL-C(β=7.71,sx-=1.17,P<0.001), but had no significant effect on the TG levels (β=-0.71, sx-=1.88, P=0.704). Furthermore, a greater association between alcohol assumption and the increase of TCHO (versus participants without diabetes, P for interaction <0.001) or LDL-C (versus participants without diabetes, P for interaction=0.001) levels was observed in participants with diabetes. Conclusions Alcohol drinking was significantly associated with increased total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. There was no significant association between alcohol drinking and the level of triglyceride.
Study on the risk factors of sub-health status among people in Qianjiang City
LI Yao, GUO Xiang-yang, JIANG Hong-bo, LI Ming-chun, WANG kun, NIE Shao-fa
2016, 20(4): 374-378. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.013
Abstract(372) PDF(115)
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Objective Through the investigation on the sub-health status of people in Qianjiang City, find out the main correlated factors of sub-health status, put forward some pertinence suggestions based on the norm of sub-health status. Methods Questionnaire investigation was carried on a total of 3 000 people of 18-60 years old from ten districts of Qianjiang City with stratified random sampling method according to the equal number requirements of gender and age group. SHMS V1.0 was used to establish the norm, and the Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlated factors of sub-health. Results Occupation, family income, sleep time, staying up late, physical exercises, place of residence satisfaction, study/work environment satisfaction were the main influencing factors to determine whether people of Qianjiang City were sub-healthy or not. age, occupation, nutritional status, satisfaction of place of residence, study/work environment satisfaction were the main factors that influence different sub-health state of people in Qianjiang City. Conclusions Influencing factors of sub-health status in people of Qianjiang City are diversified, the health of every age groups, business people and industrial workers should be paid attention to and pertinence measures should be taken for the prevention of sub-health by paying attention to nutrition, reduction of staying up late, more physical exercises.
Expression and significance of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in peripheral blood CD4+ CD25+T of rheumatoid arthritis
CHENG Lin, QIAN Long, TAN Yue, LI Xiang-pei, LI Xiao-mei, WANG Guo-sheng
2016, 20(4): 379-382. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.014
Abstract(303) PDF(25)
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Objective To explore the significance of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) by detecting the percentage of AHR positive in CD4+ CD25+T cells. Methods Peripheral blood of 35 patients with RA and 14 healthy controls were collected. Flow cytometry (FCM) technology was applied to detect the proportion of CD4+ CD25+T cells and AHR positive cells in peripheral blood of each individual and the percentage of AHR positive cells in CCR6+CD4+T cells were also tested. Clinical data was recorded in detail and disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28 ) was calculated. Then, the association between the percentage of AHR positive cells in CD4+ CD25+T cells and clinical data was analyzed. Results In peripheral blood of RA patients, the percentage of AHR positive cells in CD4+CD25+T cells was significantly lower than that in healthy controls ((17.90(6.10,80.10))% vs.(52.43(19.18,96.43))%,Z=-4.362,P<0.001); In peripheral blood of healthy controls, the percentage of AHR positive cells in CD4+CD25+T cells was significantly higher than that in CCR6+CD4+Tcells, and was also significantly higher than that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) ((52.49±19.18)% vs. (23.18±5.62)% vs. (18.06±7.80)%, χ2=24.03, P<0.001); In peripheral blood of RA patients, the percentage of AHR positive cells in CD4+CD25+T cells was significantly lower than that in CCR6+CD4+T cells, and was also significantly lower than that in PBMCs((17.90(6.10,80.10))% vs. ((46.15(20.18,87.31))%vs. (34.43(8.72,56.37))%, χ2=38.29, P<0.001); Nevertheless, no statistically significant correlation was found between clinical data and the percentage of AHR positive cells in CD4+ CD25+T cells. Conclusions AHR may participate in the pathogenesis of RA by controlling the differentiation of Th17 and Treg cells .
Analysis on quality of life/patient-reported outcomes and their influence factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis:applications of QLICD-RA(V2.0)
CHEN Ming-yang, LIANG Wei, LV Zhao-ping, XIE Tong, TAN Jian-feng, WAN Chong-hua
2016, 20(4): 383-386,391. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.015
Abstract(530) PDF(41)
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Objective To analyze the quality of life/patient-reported outcomes and their influence factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis for the establishment of related policies to improve the patients'quality of life. Methods The quality of life instruments for chronic diseases in rheumatoid arthritis (version 2.0)(QLICD-RA(V2.0)) was used to survey 100 in-patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and the clinical objective indicators were recorded. The influence factors of the quality of life or patient-reported outcomes were analyzed by methods of t-test, analysis of variance and multiple stepwise regression. Results In single factor analysis,the total and each domain score of quality of life among different education levels and the family economic conditions were significantly different (all P<0.05). In multiple factors analysis, disease activity score-28(DAS28), family economic conditions(EC) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)/alanine aminotransferase(ALT) were selected into the regression equation: Y=55.239-1.390DAS28+12.729EC-4.491AST/ALT, and the adjusted coefficient of decision Ra2=0.558. Conclusions The quality of life/patient-reported outcomes were influenced by a number of factors. It is of significance to improve patients' quality of life by relieving symptoms and improving the level of economic.
The analysis of characteristics of inpatient with children foreign body injury in a children's hospital in Hunan Province from 2010 to 2014
TU Jiao, CHEN Hui, WU Zhuo-min, TIAN Dan-ping, NI Ping, XIAO Wan, QI Xiao, XU Lin-yong, HU Ming
2016, 20(4): 387-391. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.016
Abstract(248) PDF(30)
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Objective To analyze the characteristics of inpatient with children foreign body injury in a children's hospital in Hunan province and to provide evidence for countermeasures of preventing children foreign body injury. Methods The records of Children patient diagnosed with foreign body injury from 2010 to 2014 were collected from Hospital Information System in one children's hospital in Hunan. And descriptive analysis and univariate analysis were adopted to analyze the characteristics of foreign body injury. Results The total number of person-time of inpatient with children foreign body injury between 2010 and 2014 was 3 782, and the person-time tended to increase with years. The sex ratio was 1.77:1. The sex ratio of airway foreign body injury was higher than those of digestive tract and other type. Children foreign body injury occurred most frequently in Children aged 1-2 years old. And airway foreign body injury was liable to occur between January and March. The overall cure rate of foreign body injury in different parts was higher than 90%. The inpatient day decreased with years, and inpatient fee went in the opposite direction. The inpatient day and fee of airway foreign body injury were more than those of the other two types. Conclusions We should take enforced countermeasures focusing on high-risk population and peak age on the basis of the characteristics of inpatient with children foreign body injury.
Trend and current characteristics of children injury cases based on data from the National Injury Surveillance System in Anhui from 2006 to 2014
Wei, JIA Shang-chun, XIE Jian-rong, LIU Zhi-rong, CHEN Ye-ji, BIAN Zheng-ping, WU Wei-hua
2016, 20(4): 392-395. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.017
Abstract(261) PDF(27)
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Objective To analyze the trend and current characteristics of children injury in Anhui, 2006-2014, to provide basic information for children injury prevention. Methods Data of the Nation Injury Surveillance System(NISS)was used to display the trend of age from 0 to 14 children injury from 2006 to 2014 and also to depict the general information,injuries event and clinical characteristics of child injuries in 2014. Results In total, 23 374 children cases were analyzed, accounted for 12.56% of all the injury cases, and the proportion showed a descending trend. In 2014, gender ratio appeared as 2.09. The peak hours that children injuries took place was 9:00 AM and 16:00-17:00 PM. Children injuries caused by falling accounted for 66.30%. The top three places that children injuries took place were home (39.40%), schools and public places (24.01%) and the roads and street (19.57%). When children injury occurred, 70.18% of the cases were doing leisure activities. 41.44% of children injury involved in head but 90.90% of injuries were minor, while 94.26% went home after the treatment. Conclusions Child injury is one of major social and public health issues, however it can be prevented. Child is the disadvantaged and the focus of intervention groups for injury, we should carry out education programs on preventing child injury for the different age and sex children, parents and teachers.
Analysis of disease composition of inpatients with rank-sum ratio and pareto of Gansu Province in 2011-2014
CHEN Jun-yi, ZHAO Qian-long, CHANG Rui-xia, ZHANG Jie, XUE Hong-li, LI Zhi-lan
2016, 20(4): 396-399. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.018
Abstract(314) PDF(26)
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Objective To provide scientific basis for medical and health resources allocation by analysis on the disease composition of inpatients in Gansu Province from 2011 to 2014. Methods Rank-sum ratio and pareto analytical method were used to analyze the disease composition. Results Through the harmonious degree test, χ2=79.184,P=0.001, showed that there was statistical significance in coherence of disease spectrum, suggesting that there was no significant change in disease spectrum of Gansu Province from 2011 to 2014. The main diseases categoties of Gansu province were respiratory system diseases, circulatory system diseases, digestive system diseases, pregnancy childbirth and the puerperium, injuries and poisoning and certain other consequences of external cause, musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases, genitourinary system diseases, cancer. Conclusions Respiratory system diseases, circulatory system diseases and digestive system diseases are the main factors which affect the residents' health in Gansu Province. It is necessary to monitor the incidence of tumor.
Analysis on mortality data of Kazak residents of Xinyuan County in 2008-2012.
CHEN Bo, JING Ming-xia, ZHANG Mei, MU La-ti, ZHE Yi
2016, 20(4): 400-402,407. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.019
Abstract(292) PDF(23)
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Objective To understand the death situation of Kazak residents in Xinyuan County, and to determine the major diseases which seriously affect the health of residents. Methods Death monitoring data of Xinyuan County from 2008 to 2012 were used. The crude mortality, death cause sequence, and potential years of life lost of Kazak residents were analyzed. Results The crude mortality was 613.79 per 100 000, and the standardized mortality was 535.50 per 100 000 of Kazak residents. The top five causes of death were circulatory system diseases, injury and poisoning, malignant tumor, respiratory diseases, and perinatal diseases, accounting for 84.40% of the all death causes. PYLL was 65 870 years, and the rate of PYLL was 94.51‰. The main causes for lost life were injury and poisoning, circulatory system diseases, malignant tumor, infectious diseases and respiratory diseases. Conclusions The harms of chronic non-communicable diseases and injury and poisoning were serious, meanwhile the impact of infectious diseases on the health of the Kazak residents should not be ignored. There is a need to focus on the health of maternal and infant.
The expression and clinical signification of EGFR and HER2 in the serum and tumor tissue of colorectal cancer
SONG Jun-fei, LIU Yi
2016, 20(4): 403-407. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.020
Abstract(424) PDF(34)
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Objective To observe the expression level of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) in colorectal cancer (CRC) and discuss the role of EGFR and HER2 in CRC occurrence and development, so as to offer a possible new biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of CRC. Methods Immunohistochemical (IHC) was used to detect the expression of tissue EGFR and HER2 in 76 cases of CRC primary lesion and normal tissue adjacent to carcinoma, 40 cases of colorectal adenomas. Preoperative serum samples were extracted from 76 cases of CRC and 40 healthy volunteers. Serum levels of EGFR and HER2 were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Results There was significant difference between the overexpression of EGFR and HER2 in CRC and the low expression in normal mucosa and adenoma(all P<0.05). Serum EGFR(t=14.845, P<0.001) and HER2 (t=15.410, P<0.001) were significantly higher in patients with CRC than those in normal control group. The level of EGFR and HER2 expression in tissue was correlated with lymph node metastasis and Dukes stage(all P<0.05), while without relation with sex, age,etc(all P>0.05). Conclusions The overexpression of EGFR and HER2 in CRC tissue and serum suggests that the expression of EGFR and HER2, and with the development of transfer the degree of tumor infiltration increased, which may play an important role in the occurrence and progress of CRC. Serum EGFR and HER2 can be used as new tumor markers.
Calcium deficiency affects serum glucose and lipids by inhibiting PGC-1α expression in skeletal muscle of rats
HUANG Fang-fang, LI Yan-chuan, MENG Fan-yu, LI Ying, SUN Chang-hao, HOU Shao-ying
2016, 20(4): 408-411,416. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.021
Abstract(464) PDF(157)
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Objective The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of calcium deficiency on blood glucose and lipids of rats. Methods Following one week of adaptation, 20 male SD rats (7 weeks old) were randomly assigned into two groups: 10 were control group (0.5% calcium in feed) and 10 were calcium deficiency group (0.15% calcium in feed). Food intake was measured daily, and body weight was measured weekly. After 16 weeks, the rats were anesthetized with pentobarbital via intraperitoneal injection. The blood samples were obtained to examine serum glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The mRNA and protein levels of PGC-1α were detected in skeletal muscles. The association between the expression of PGC-1α and blood glucose and lipids levels were analyzed by Pearson's correlation. Results Compared with the control group, food intake and body weight of rats were not significantly different in calcium deficiency group (all P>0.05), while the levels of serum GLU, TC, LDL-C were increased; although the levels of TG and HDL-C were not significantly different between the two groups of animals, a rising tendency was detected; the ratio of HDL-C to LDL-C was decreased (all P<0.05). The mRNA and protein expression of proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), one of the key factors for regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle, were decreased in rats from calcium deficiency group (all P<0.05). There was an obvious negative correlation between PGC-1α expressions and serum TC and LDL-C (all P<0.05). Conclusions Calcium deficiency did not affect the body weight of rats, but it could induce serum glucose and lipids disorder through inhibiting the expression of PGC-1α in skeletal muscle.
Establishment of a Viral Myocarditis mouse model with enterovirus 71 infection and identification of the effect of 3-azole nitrogen nucleoside on this model
LU Juan, DU Peng-fei, KONG Hui
2016, 20(4): 412-416. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.022
Abstract(317) PDF(23)
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Objective To establish a viral myocarditis mouse model of enterovirus 71(EV71) infection, and to estimate the curative effect of 3-azole nitrogen nucleoside on this model, and provide the basis of clinical application of the drug. Methods 60 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into six groups, as the normal control group, model group, 3-azole nitrogen nucleoside low dose group, 3-azole nitrogen nucleoside medium dose group, 3-azole nitrogen nucleoside high dose group to 3-azole nitrogen nucleoside positive control group. The mice were injected with EV71 laboratory strain through intraperitoneal (IP). After sacrifice, the serum and heart tissue of each mouse were collected. The heart tissue were used for virus isolation, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and pathologic examination. The changes of creatine kinase isoenzymes (CK-MB) in serum were determined. Results Infected mice successively demonstrated varying clinical symptoms and even death. The models were proved successfully with virus isolation from heart tissue, the results of RT-PCR, the changes of histopathology and the high level of CK-MB. Compared with the model group, the clinical manifestation was alleviated, and the level of CK-MB and mortality were obviously reduced. There were significant differences (all P<0.05), especially the high dose of 3-azole nitrogen nucleoside group. Conclusions The mouse could be infected with EV71 and lead to vital myocarditis. 3-azole nitrogen nucleoside could improve the clinical symptoms; reduce the mortality, and alleviate the damage in the heart tissue, which is benefit to cure vital myocarditis.
Expression change of protein disulfide isomerase in skin tissues of rabbits exposed to arsenic
LANG Man, WU Jun, MA Yan, ZHENG Yu-jian
2016, 20(4): 417-421. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.023
Abstract(254) PDF(18)
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Objective To explore the influence of exposure to sodium arsenite(iAs3+) on protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) in skin tissues of rabbits and discuss the relationship between arsenic poisoning on skin and PDI. Methods A total of 30 healthy male rabbits was divided into 5 groups including contrast (C) group, low-dose group (L, 0.13 mg/kg·w), medium-dose group (M, 0.26mg/kg·w), medium-high-dose group (MH, 0.65mg/kg·w), and high-dose group (H, 1.30 mg/kg·w) treated with the above different doses of sodium arsenite, 6 rabbits for each group. After free drink water had been poisoned for consecutive 3 months, these animals were killed and the skin tissues on the same place of these rabbits' back were taken for sampling. Differential expression proteins between arsenite poisoning groups and contract group were screened using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. The expression level of PDI mRNA of skin samples of rabbitss were tested through Real-Time Quantitative PCR. Results After being poisoned for 3 months, no rabbit died, coarse fur of rabbits' back and belly were observed in M, MH, and H groups, and this condition was especially obvious in H group. It was discovered that the expression quantity of PDI was reduced in M and MH groups while was increased in H group. The expression level of PDI mRNA was increased in MH and H groups (F=225.83, P<0.001). Conclusions Sodium arsenite poisoning can change PDI mRNA and the protein expression quantity in skin tissue of rabbits. With the increasing of exposure doses, PDI mRNA expression was increased, and meanwhile coarse fur of rabbits was discovered. However, PDI protein expression was first decreased and then increased. This suggests that PDI might play a role in that arsenite damages skin.
Analysis of Hangzhou City residents' salt intake and influencing factors
CHEN Jun-fang, LIU Hui, HUANG Chun-ping, CHEN Shu-chang, ZHU Xiao-xia
2016, 20(4): 422-424. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.024
Abstract(434) PDF(22)
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An analysis of injury induced death and life lost in Nangang Distritc of Harbin from 2006 to 2014
LI Chao-nan, WANG Le-yu, ZHOU Xiao-ling, FAN Qing, TIAN Wen-jing
2016, 20(4): 425-427. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.025
Abstract(232) PDF(23)
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Shenzhen employees' health literacy and its influencing factors
HAN Tie-guang, ZHANG Na, ZHUANG Run-sen, ZHANG Yuan, CAO Li, JING Chun-xia
2016, 20(4): 428-430. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.04.026
Abstract(287) PDF(19)
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